1. Zosintha zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala za zinthu.
| Nambala ya National Standard | 43009 | ||
| CAS No | 7440-39-3 | ||
| Dzina lachi China | Barium zitsulo | ||
| Dzina lachingerezi | barium | ||
| Dzinali | barium | ||
| Molecular formula | Ba | Maonekedwe ndi mawonekedwe | Chitsulo chonyezimira cha silvery-white, chikasu mu nayitrogeni, ductile pang'ono |
| Kulemera kwa maselo | 137.33 | Malo otentha | 1640 ℃ |
| Malo osungunuka | 725 ℃ | Kusungunuka | Wosasungunuka mu ma inorganic acid, osasungunuka mu zosungunulira wamba |
| Kuchulukana | Kachulukidwe wachibale (madzi=1) 3.55 | Kukhazikika | Osakhazikika |
| Zolemba zoopsa | 10 (zinthu zoyaka moto zokhudzana ndi chinyezi) | Kugwiritsa ntchito koyamba | Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mchere wa barium, womwe umagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati degassing wothandizira, ballast ndi degassing alloy. |
2. Kukhudza chilengedwe.
ndi. zoopsa zaumoyo
Njira yolowera: kupuma, kumeza.
Zowopsa paumoyo: Chitsulo cha Barium sichikhala poizoni. Mchere wosungunuka wa barium monga barium chloride, barium nitrate, etc. (barium carbonate imakumana ndi asidi am'mimba kuti apange barium kolorayidi, yomwe imatha kutengeka kudzera m'mimba) imatha kukhala poizoni kwambiri pambuyo pa kumeza, ndi zizindikiro za kupsa mtima kwa m'mimba, kuwonongeka kwa minofu. , kukhudzidwa kwa myocardial, ndi kuchepa kwa potaziyamu m'magazi. Kupumira kwa minofu yopuma ndi kuwonongeka kwa myocardial kungayambitse imfa. Kukoka mpweya wa sungunuka barium pawiri fumbi zingachititse pachimake barium poizoni, ntchito ndi ofanana m`kamwa poyizoni, koma m`mimba thirakiti anachita ndi opepuka. Kukumana kwa nthawi yayitali ndi mankhwala a barium kungayambitse malovu, kufooka, kupuma movutikira, kutupa ndi kukokoloka kwa mucous membrane wamkamwa, rhinitis, tachycardia, kuthamanga kwa magazi ndi tsitsi. Kupuma kwa nthawi yayitali kwa fumbi lopanda barium, monga barium sulfate, kungayambitse barium pneumoconiosis.
ii. chidziwitso cha toxicological ndi chikhalidwe cha chilengedwe
Makhalidwe owopsa: reactivity yochepa yamankhwala, imatha kuyaka yokha mumlengalenga ikatenthedwa mpaka kusungunuka, koma fumbi limatha kutentha kutentha. Zitha kuyambitsa kuyaka ndi kuphulika zikakumana ndi kutentha, lawi lamoto kapena chifukwa chamankhwala. Ikakumana ndi madzi kapena asidi, imachita mwamphamvu ndikutulutsa mpweya wa haidrojeni kuti uyake. Pokhudzana ndi fluorine, chlorine, etc., chiwawa cha mankhwala chidzachitika. Mukakumana ndi asidi kapena kuchepetsedwa kwa asidi, zimayambitsa kuyaka ndi kuphulika.
Kuyaka (kuwola) mankhwala: barium okusayidi.
3. Njira zowunikira mwadzidzidzi pamalopo.
4. Njira zowunikira ma laboratory.
Potentiometric titration (GB/T14671-93, khalidwe la madzi)
Njira yamayamwidwe a atomiki (GB/T15506-95, mtundu wamadzi)
Buku la Atomic Absorption Method for Experimental Analysis and Evaluation of Solid Wastes, lotembenuzidwa ndi China Environmental Monitoring General Station ndi ena.
5. Miyezo ya chilengedwe.
| Dziko lomwe kale linali Soviet Union | Kuchuluka kovomerezeka kwa zinthu zowopsa mumlengalenga wa msonkhano | 0.5mg/m3 |
| China (GB/T114848-93) | Muyezo wamadzi apansi panthaka (mg/L) | Kalasi I 0.01; Kalasi II 0.1; Kalasi III 1.0; Kalasi IV 4.0; Kalasi V pamwamba pa 4.0 |
| China (kuti ikhazikitsidwe) | Kuchuluka kovomerezeka kwa zinthu zowopsa m'madzi akumwa | 0.7mg/L |
6. Chithandizo chadzidzidzi ndi njira zotaya.
ndi. kuyankha mwadzidzidzi kutayika
Patulani malo omwe akuchucha ndikuchepetsani kulowa. Dulani gwero la moto. Ogwira ntchito zadzidzidzi amalangizidwa kuti azivala zotchingira fumbi zodzitchinjiriza komanso zovala zoteteza moto. Musagwirizane mwachindunji ndi kutaya. Kutayikira pang'ono: Pewani kukweza fumbi ndikusonkhanitsa m'zotengera zowuma, zaukhondo, zokutira ndi fosholo yoyera. Kusamutsa kwa recycling. Kutayikira kwakukulu: Phimbani ndi mapepala apulasitiki kapena chinsalu kuti muchepetse kubalalikana. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zosayambitsa moto kusamutsa ndi kubwezeretsanso.
ii. njira zodzitetezera
Chitetezo chopumira: Nthawi zambiri palibe chitetezo chapadera chomwe chimafunikira, koma tikulimbikitsidwa kuti chigoba cha fumbi chodzipangira chokha chivekedwe munthawi yapadera.
Chitetezo m'maso: Valani magalasi oteteza mankhwala.
Chitetezo chakuthupi: Valani zovala zoteteza mankhwala.
Chitetezo m'manja: Valani magolovesi amphira.
Zina:Kusuta ndikoletsedwa pamalo ogwirira ntchito. Samalani ndi ukhondo waumwini.
iii. njira zothandizira zoyamba
Kukhudza Pakhungu: Chotsani zovala zomwe zawonongeka ndikutsuka khungu ndi sopo ndi madzi.
KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO Mmaso: Kwezani zikope ndikutsuka ndi madzi oyenda kapena saline. Pitani kuchipatala.
POPHUNZITSA: Chotsani pamalopo mwachangu kupita ku mpweya wabwino. Khalani otsegula polowera. Ngati kupuma kuli kovuta, perekani mpweya. Ngati kupuma kwasiya, perekani mpweya wochita kupanga nthawi yomweyo. Pitani kuchipatala.
Kumeza: Imwani madzi ofunda ambiri, yambitsani kusanza, kutsuka m'mimba ndi 2% -5% sodium sulfate solution, ndikuyambitsa matenda otsekula m'mimba. Pitani kuchipatala.
Njira zozimitsira moto: madzi, thovu, mpweya woipa, ma halogenated hydrocarbons (monga 1211 chozimitsira moto) ndi zozimitsira moto zina. Ufa wouma wa graphite kapena ufa wina wouma (monga mchenga wouma) uyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuzimitsa moto.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-13-2024