Cerium, gawo 58 la tebulo la periodic.
Ceriumndi chitsulo chosowa kwambiri padziko lapansi, ndipo pamodzi ndi chinthu chomwe chinapezeka kale cha yttrium, chimatsegula chitseko cha kutulukira zina.dziko losowazinthu.
Mu 1803, wasayansi wa ku Germany Klaprott anapeza chinthu chatsopano cha oxide mu mwala wolemera wofiira wopangidwa mu mzinda wawung'ono wa ku Sweden wa Vastras, womwe unkawoneka ngati ocher poyaka. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, akatswiri a zamankhwala a ku Sweden Bezilius ndi Hissinger anapeza oxide ya chinthu chomwecho mu ore. Mpaka 1875, anthu adapeza zitsulo zachitsulo kuchokera ku cerium oxide yosungunuka ndi electrolysis.
Cerium zitsuloimagwira ntchito kwambiri ndipo imatha kutentha kupanga ufa wa cerium oxide. Cerium iron alloy yosakanikirana ndi zinthu zina zosowa zapadziko lapansi imatha kutulutsa zonyezimira zokongola popaka zinthu zolimba, kuyatsa zoyaka zozungulira, ndipo ndizofunikira kwambiri pazida zoyatsira monga zoyatsira ndi ma spark plugs. Idzadziwotchanso, limodzi ndi zowala zokongola, chitsulo chowonjezera ndi zina za Lanthanide, kuti zingowonjezera zotsatira za zowalazi. Ukonde wopangidwa ndi cerium kapena wothiridwa ndi mchere wa cerium ukhoza kuwonjezera mphamvu ya kuyaka kwamafuta ndikukhala chothandizira kwambiri kuyaka, chomwe chingapulumutse mafuta. Cerium ndiwowonjezeranso magalasi abwino, omwe amatha kuyamwa cheza cha ultraviolet ndi infrared, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu galasi la Galimoto. Sizingateteze kuwala kwa ultraviolet, komanso kuchepetsa kutentha m'galimoto, kupulumutsa magetsi kuti azitha mpweya.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kochulukira kwa cerium kumatengera kutembenuka kwapakati pa trivalent cerium ndi tetravalent cerium, zomwe zimakhala ndi zida zapadera muzitsulo zapadziko lapansi zosawerengeka. Mbali imeneyi imalola cerium kusunga ndi kumasula mpweya wabwino, womwe ungagwiritsidwe ntchito mu Solid oxide fuel cell kuti upangitse Redox, motero amapeza kayendedwe ka ma electron kuti apange panopa. Ma Zeolite ophatikizidwa ndi cerium ndi lanthanum amatha kukhala othandizira kusweka kwa petroleum panthawi yoyenga. Kugwiritsa ntchito cerium oxide ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali mu zosinthira zamagalimoto za ternary catalytic zitha kusintha mpweya woyipa kukhala nayitrogeni, mpweya woipa, ndi madzi, ndikuletsa kutulutsa kwamafuta ambiri pamagalimoto. Chifukwa chakutha kuyamwa mpweya, anthu akuwunikanso momwe angagwiritsire ntchito cerium oxide nanoparticles mu antioxidant therapy. Dongosolo lolimba la laser lopangidwa ndi United States lili ndi cerium, yomwe imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira zida zankhondo poyang'anira kuchuluka kwa Tryptophan, ndipo ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pozindikira zachipatala.
Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera a photophysical, cerium imakhalanso chothandizira kwambiri, chomwe chimapangitsa mtengo wotsika mtengoCerium (IV) oxideokondedwa ndi asayansi m'munda wa catalysts. Pa Julayi 27, 2018, magazini ya Science idasindikiza zomwe gulu la Zuo Zhiwei lachita kuchokera ku Sukulu ya Material Science and Technology ya University of ShanghaiTech - kulimbikitsa kutembenuka kwa methane ndi kuwala. Chinsinsi mu ndondomeko kutembenuka ndi kupeza wotchipa ndi kothandiza Synergistic catalysis dongosolo la cerium zochokera chothandizira ndi mowa chothandizira, amene bwino amathetsa vuto la sayansi kugwiritsa ntchito kuwala mphamvu kutembenuza methane mu mankhwala madzi kutentha firiji mu sitepe imodzi, Imakhala ndi njira yatsopano, yachuma komanso yosamalira zachilengedwe yosinthira methane kukhala mankhwala owonjezera amtengo wapatali, monga mafuta a Rocket propellant.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-01-2023