Kuchotsa Galulium

Kuchotsa kwaGalium

GaliumChimawoneka ngati chidutswa cha tini kutentha kwa firiji, ndipo ngati mukufuna kuyigwira m'manja mwanu, nthawi yomweyo imasungunuka m'madzi asiliva. Poyambirira, malo osungunuka a gallium anali otsika kwambiri, koma 29.8C. Ngakhale malo osungunuka a gallium ndi otsika kwambiri, malo ake otentha ndi okwera kwambiri, akufika pa 2070c. Anthu amagwiritsa ntchito katundu wa galulla kuti apange ma thermometer pakuyeza kutentha kwambiri. Thermometer awa amayikidwa mu ng'anjo yopanga chitsulo, ndipo chipolopolo chagalasi chimatsala pang'ono kusungunuka. Galumu mkati sunaphike. Ngati galasi lalitali kwambiri la quartz limagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chipolopolo cha thermumeter ya gallium, imatha kuyeza kutentha kwakukulu kwa 1500c. Chifukwa chake, anthu nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito thermometer yamtunduwu kuti muyeze kutentha kwa ma concecy ndi atomic.

Galuum ali ndi katundu wabwino, ndipo chifukwa cha "kukula kwake kotentha ndi kuzizira kotentha", kumagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga madabwa, kupanga mawonekedwe. Mu ma atomiki mphamvu zamagetsi, gallium imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kusamutsa kwamoto kusamutsa kutentha kuchokera ku zojambula. Galuum ndi zitsulo zambiri, monga gwiritsani, tinium, cedmium, etc., pangani zitsulo zosungunuka zotsika kuposa 60c. Pakati pawo, gallium steel alloy yomwe ili ndi 25% (yosungunuka 16c) ndi gallium tin alloy wokhala ndi 8% tini ya 8c) imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu mafoses otetezedwa ndi zida zosiyanasiyana. Kutentha kumakhala kokwanira, kumasungunuka ndikupukutidwa, kusewera motetezeka.

Mogwirizana ndigalasi, imakhala ndi mphamvu yolimbikitsira cholowa chagalasi ndipo chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga galasi lapadera lamitengo. Chifukwa galium ili ndi kuthekera kolimba koonetsa kuwala ndipo kumatha kutsatira galasi, kutentha kwakukulu, ndikoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito ngati chowonetsera. Gallium MaharRors amatha kuwunika zoposa 70% ya Kuwala komwe kumatulutsidwa.

Kuphatikiza apo kwa galulla tsopano ndi oyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi katswiri ndi ukadaulo. Gallium arsenide ndi gawo la semiconducy yatsopano yopezedwa ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino kwambiri m'zaka zaposachedwa. Kugwiritsa ntchito ngati gawo lamagetsi kungachepetse kuchuluka kwa zida zamagetsi ndikupeza miniaturization. Anthu apanganso ma lasers pogwiritsa ntchito gallium arsenar monga gawo, lomwe ndi mtundu watsopano wa laser yokhala ndi mawonekedwe apamwamba komanso ochepa. Gallium ndi phosphoros mankhwala - gallium phosphide ndi chipangizo chopepuka chomwe chimatha kutulutsa kapena kuwunikira kofiira kapena kobiriwira. Amapangidwa kukhala mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana a Chiarabu ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakompyuta amagetsi kuti awonetse zotsatira.