Mayendedwe anayi akulu ofunikira a zinthu zachilengedwe zapadziko lapansi zatsopano zamagetsi zatsopano

M'zaka zaposachedwa, mawu oti "zinthu zachilengedwe zapadziko lapansi"," Magalimoto atsopano ", ndi" chitukuko cha "ndipo" chitukuko cha kuphatikiza "chakhala chikuwonekera pafupipafupi pazofalitsa. Chifukwa chiyani? Izi zimachitika makamaka chifukwa cha chidwi chowonjezereka cha dzikolo ndikukula kwa mafakitale oteteza zachilengedwe komanso mphamvu zopulumutsa mphamvu, komanso kuthekera kwakukulu pakuphatikizidwa ndi chitukuko cha zinthu zachilengedwe zapadziko lapansi. Kodi mbali zinayi zazikulu za zinthu zamtundu wambiri ndi ziti?

△ Zoyendetsa zamatsenga zokhazikika

I

Galimoto yopanda madambo

Magalimoto a dziko lapansi amakhala ndi madigineti am'madzi ndi mtundu watsopano wamagalimoto okhazikika omwe adatuluka kumayambiriro kwa m'ma 1970. Mfundo yake yogwira ntchito ndi yofanana ndi yagalimoto yosangalatsa yamadenga, kupatula kuti zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsa ntchito maginito osatha kuti zisatengeke. Poyerekeza ndi magetsi osakhalitsa magetsi, miyala yamtundu wamtali kwambiri yokhala ndi zabwino monga kapangidwe kake, kuwongolera kodalirika, kukula kochepa, zolemera zochepa, zotayika zochepa, komanso zotayika zochepa, komanso zotayika kwambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mawonekedwe ndi kukula kwagalimoto amatha kupanga zopangidwa mosinthika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizikhala zofunika kwambiri m'munda wamagalimoto atsopano. Mitundu yopanda maginyani yam'madzi omwe amasintha mphamvu yamagetsi makamaka pa batire yamagetsi ku makina olimbitsa thupi kuti azungulire ndikuyamba injini.
II

Batiri Lapansi Lapansi

Zinthu zamtundu wina padziko lapansi sizingatenge nawo mbali pokonza zinthu zamagetsi zamagetsi za lithumoni, komanso zimagwira ntchito zopangira zovala zopangira batire-acid.

Batiri a Lithiamu: Chifukwa chophatikiza zinthu zachilengedwe zapadziko lapansi, kukhazikika kwa zinthuzo kumatsimikiziridwa kwambiri, ndipo njira zokhazikika zitatu za kusamukira kwa lithiamu ion zimakulitsidwanso mpaka pamlingo wina. Izi zimathandizira batire ya lithiamu-ion kuti ikhale yokhazikika pagalimoto, kusinthanitsa kwa ma electrochembocation pa njinga, komanso moyo wotalikirapo.

Press Ariberi Acidri: Kafukufuku wapabanja akuwonetsa kuti kuphatikiza kwa dziko lapansi zamtunduwu kumathandiza kuti chisinthiko cha anthu osokonezeka ndi chisinthiko chokhazikitsidwa ndi mbale ya electrode. Kuphatikiza kwa dziko lapansi mu gawo logwira ntchito kumatha kuchepetsa kutupa kwa mpweya wabwino, kusintha zinthu zabwino zothandizira, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi moyo wa batri.

Batiri ya Nickel-Meedride Battery ya Nickeride ili ndi maubwino apamwamba kwambiri, omwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu, ndipo samatchedwa "batiri lobiriwira" komanso magawo ena. Pofuna kuti kukweza batire ya Nickel-Metal-Meedriide Posiya kuwonongeka kwa moyo wake, patent jp200412759599599599599959959959959959959959999599599599599599 itayamba kupangidwa ndi kachilombo ka Gutgeen Nicrogen Kusungirako Aloya.

△ Magalimoto atsopano

Iii

Catalysts ku Ternary Catalytic Otembenuza

Monga momwe zimadziwika bwino, osati magalimoto onse atsopano omwe angakwaniritse mpweya wa zero, monga magetsi ophatikizika ndi magalimoto amagetsi, omwe amasula zinthu zina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti muchepetse mpweya wawo wamagalimoto, magalimoto ena amakakamizidwa kukhazikitsa otembenukira kwa ma calytic atatu akachoka fakitale. Pamene magetsi okwera kwambiri atadutsa, otembenuzira a catalytic atatuwa amathandizira ntchito ya co, HC ndi Nox kudutsa wothandizika, kuti athe kutsitsa mipweya yovulaza, yomwe imatha kuteteza chilengedwe.

Gawo lalikulu la tchati cha Ternary ndi zinthu zachilengedwe padziko lapansi, zomwe zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri posungira zida zosungira, kusinthanitsa ndi mphaka zazikulu, ndikugwira ntchito monga zida za magwiridwe antchito. Dziko loipa lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chophimba cha mpweya wa mchira makamaka nthawi yosakanikirana ya cerium oxide, Pragedymium oxide ndi Lanthanum oxide, omwe ali ndi mchere wambiri ku China.

 
IV

Zipangizo za Ceramic mu masensa a oxygen

Zinthu zamtundu wapadziko lapansi zili ndi ntchito zapadera za oxegen chifukwa cha magetsi omwe ali ndi magetsi, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza zidziwitso za maselo a mpweya wa jakisoni wamafuta, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ntchito. Dongosolo lamagetsi yamagetsi ndi chipangizo cha jakisoni cha mafuta chotengera ndi injini zamakampani popanda carburetors, makamaka zopangidwa ndi magawo atatu akulu: Air system, dongosolo lamafuta, ndi dongosolo lowongolera.

Kuphatikiza pa izi, zinthu zachilengedwe padziko lapansi zimakhalanso ndi ntchito zingapo pazigawo monga magiresi, matayala, ndi zitsulo. Titha kunena kuti anthu wamba ndi zinthu zofunika kumunda zamagalimoto atsopano.