Yterbium: Atomiki nambala 70, atomiki kulemera 173.04, dzina la chinthu kuchokera ku malo ake. Zomwe zili mu yTerbium mu kutumphuka ndi 0.000266%, imakhalapo mu phosphoorite komanso golide wakuda wowoneka bwino. Zomwe zili mu monozite ndi 0.03%, ndipo pali zisoti 7 zachilengedwe
Yandikira
Ndi: Marinak
Nthawi: 1878
Malo: Switzerland
Mu 1878, akatswiri a ku Switwere a Charles Arles ndi G Maragn adapeza zatsopano padziko lapansi "za Erbium". Mu 1907, Ulban ndi Ulban adanenanso kuti Magazignac adasiyanitsa osakaniza a Lutetium Oxide ndi Ytibaium Oxide. Pokumbukira m'mudzi wawung'ono wa Ink dzina lake yteery pafupi ndi Stockholm, pomwe Yttrium Ore idapezeka, chinthu chatsopanochi chidatchedwa yTerbium ndi chizindikiro cha yb.
Kusintha kwa Electron
Kusintha kwa Electron
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2 4s2 3D10 4p6 5s2 4D10 5p2 4p2 4f2 4f14
Chitsulo
Metallic Yterterbium ndi siliva imvi, dructale, ndipo ali ndi mawonekedwe ofewa. Kutentha kwa chipinda, yTerbium imatha kukhala yoxidid ndi mpweya ndi madzi.
Pali magulu awiri a galasi: β, mtundu ndi cubic yapamwamba (pamwambapa 798 ℃). Malo osungunuka 824 ℃, owira malo 1427 ℃, kachulukidwe kambiri 6.977 (α), 6.54 (β -54 (β -E).
Insuluble m'madzi ozizira, osungunuka m'macina ndi ammonia yamadzimadzi. Imakhazikika mlengalenga. Zofanana ndi Samarium ndi europium, ytterbium ndi wa valence kwenikweni padziko lapansi, ndipo amathanso kukhala m'boma labwino kuwonjezera pa nthawi zambiri ndimanjenje.
Chifukwa cha mtundu wosinthika uku, kukonzekera kwa metallic yterpium sikuyenera kuchitidwa ndi electrolysis, koma mwa kuchepa kwapa dissillation njira yokonzekera ndikuyeretsa. Nthawi zambiri, chitsulo cha Lantahanham chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati woperekera wothandizira kuchepetsa kuchepa mphamvu, kugwiritsa ntchito kusiyana pakati pa zitsulo zapamwamba za ytterbior kukakamiza kwachitsulo. Mwina,mapilium, yterbium, ndipolutetiumZovuta zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zophika, ndipochitsuloitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati wothandizira wothandizira. Pansi pa kutentha kwambiri vacuum mikhalidwe ya> 1100 ℃ ndi <0.1333Pa, zitsulo Yterterbium ikhoza kusinthidwa mwachindunji. Monga Samarium ndi Europium, yTerbium imatha kudzipatula ndikuyeretsedwa kudzera mu madzi onyowa. Nthawi zambiri, thulia, yterbium, ndi lutetium amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zopangira. Pambuyo pazachipembedzo, yteterbium imachepetsedwa ku boma, ndikuyambitsa kusiyana kwakukulu mu katundu, kenako ndikulekanitsidwa ndi zinthu zina zowopsa. Kupanga Kwakumwamba Kwambiriyterbachi oxidenthawi zambiri imachitika ndi zowonjezera chromatography kapena njira yosinthira ion.
Karata yanchito
Chogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma extas apadera. Onterbium aysterbium yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pothirira mano a zitsulo zoyeserera ndi zamankhwala.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, Yteterbium yatuluka ndipo idapangidwa mwachangu m'minda ya kulumikizana kwa fiber koloko ndi ukadaulo wa laser.
Ndi ntchito yomanga ndi chitukuko cha "chidziwitso cha zidziwitso" YTERSBIAN ions, chifukwa cha zoyeserera zabwino kwambiri, zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zowonjezera za kulumikizana kwa mawonedwe, monganso erbium ndi thlium. Ngakhale kuti Eleerder Erbium Erbium idakali wosewera wamkulu pokonzekera, ma erbium-dorbium-doptium quartz ali ndi vuto la kuchuluka kwa zinthu zambiri komanso kufalitsa chidziwitso. YB3 + ions ali ndi mayamwidwe akulu akulu kwambiri. Kudzera mwa malingaliro a YB3 + ndipo kusintha kwa mphamvu ya Erbium ndi Ytibium, kuwala kwa 1530nm kumatha kukulimbikitsidwa kwambiri, potengera momwe akumpliridwe amathandizira.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, Erbium Yterterbium CA galasi phosphate lakhala lokondedwa kwambiri ndi ofufuza. Magalasi a phosphate a phosphaphate ali ndi kukhazikika kwa mankhwala ndi matenthedwe, komanso mawonekedwe akuluakulu osagwirizana ndi ma yunifolomu, omwe amawapangitsa kukhala ndi zida zapamwamba kwambiri. YB3 + yopepuka ya Armpishiers imatha kukwaniritsa mphamvu ndi kutsanzitsika kakang'ono kazinga, ndikuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera minda ngati kulumikizana kwa mafashoni, ndipo ultra amafupikitsa. China yapanga Pamodzi ndi Chachikulu Kwambiri Padziko Lonse Lapansi ndi Makina othamanga kwambiri othamanga, ndipo ili ndi vuto lalikulu kwambiri padziko lapansi. YTERSBERIum yomwe idatulutsidwa ndi zina zapadziko lonse lapansi zomwe zimawoneka ndi zida za laser zimagwira ntchito yofunika komanso yofunika kwambiri.
Makhalidwe owoneka a YTERTERBIum amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zida zapamwamba kwambiri, monga ma kristoki ma kristor, magalasi a laser, ndi ma lasers aphiri. Monga momwe ma ylerbium amapangira makristo a ytterbium adapanga mndandanda waukulu wa yttbium alttium galtium gallium (yb: yb Fluorophyphate (yb: s-fup), ytterbium doptain yttrium vanade (yb: yv: yv04), ytterbium doterad borate, ndi silika. Semiconduckic laser (LD) ndi mtundu watsopano wa kampu la ma laser olimba. YB: YAG ili ndi mitundu yambiri yoyenera kwamphamvu kwambiri yamphamvu yopaka ndipo yakhala nkhani ya laser yokwera kwambiri. YB: S-Fap Crystal imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu za laser ya laser ya nyukiliya mtsogolo, zomwe zakopa chidwi cha anthu. Pamalo a laser, pali chromium ytterbium holmium yttrium altrium alttium gallium adnet (cr, phgle) yosinthika pakati pa m. Malinga ndi ziwerengero, ambiri mwa ankhondo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku ziwopsezo padziko lonse lapansi amagwiritsa ntchito 3-5 | | ysg, ho: China chakwaniritsa mndandanda wazomwe zimachitika m'gulu la anthu apadziko lonse lapansi m'munda wa ytterbium dorstals (yb: yags: yb: sfip, etc.) Zotsatira za kulembedwako zagwiritsidwa ntchito podzitchinjiriza ku National, mafakitale, ndi ukadaulo wa sayansi, ndi ma chterbium omwe amatumizidwa kumayiko ena ndi zigawo zingapo monga United States ndi Japan.
Gulu lina lalikulu la zida za ytterbium laser ndi galasi la laser. Magalasi osiyanasiyana apamwamba a Eliff-Cross a Laser-a Laser apangidwa, kuphatikiza ku Germanium Sturitute, Sioken Niobate, borate, ndi phosphate. Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa galasi, imatha kupangidwa mumitundu ikuluikulu ndipo ili ndi mikhalidwe monga kulumikizana kwakukulu komanso kufanana, kumapangitsa kupanga ma lasers apamwamba kwambiri. Galasi lodziwika bwino la Laser Laser Laser limagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka galasi galasi galasi la ku Nindyelmium, lomwe lili ndi mbiri ya chitukuko cha zaka zopitilira 40 ndikupanga ukadaulo wokhwima ndi ntchito. Yakhala zinthu zomwe amakonda kwambiri chifukwa cha zida zapamwamba kwambiri ndipo zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku nyukiliya zoyeserera zoyeserera ndi zida za laser. Zipangizo zapamwamba kwambiri zomangidwa ku China, zopangidwa ndi galasi la laser NurDonmium ngati sing'anga ikuluikulu, yafika padziko lonse lapansi. Koma galasi laselo la laservium tsopano limakumana ndi vuto lalikulu kuchokera pamagalasi a laser yterbium.
M'zaka zaposachedwa, maphunziro ambiri awonetsa kuti zinthu zambiri za laser yteterbium tagalasi yopitilira yagalasi ya Nentymium. Chifukwa choti yTerbium domiinence imangokhala ndi magawo awiri okha mphamvu, mphamvu zosungira mphamvu zake zimakhala zapamwamba. Pamalo omwewo, galasi yTerbium lili ndi mphamvu yosungirako nthawi 16 kuposa galasi la Nentymium, komanso nthawi ya fluorescence 3 nthawi yagalasi ya Unveymium. Ilinso ndi maubwino monga kuponyera katundu wambiri, mayamwidwe andwidth, ndipo amatha kuponderezedwa mwachindunji ndi semiconductors, ndikupangitsa kukhala koyenera kwambiri kwa ankhondo apamwamba kwambiri. Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito kalasi ya yTerbium laser nthawi zambiri kumadalira thandizo la ku Nentymium, + monga nest3 + ngati sturitizer kuti ipangitse ytterbium laser shop kutentha ndipo μ lar Chifukwa chake, yterbium ndi Newdymium ndi onse opikisana komanso ogwirizana nawo m'munda wagalasi ya laser.
Posintha zigawenga, zambiri zopumira za ytterbium laser zimatha kukhala bwino. Ndi chitukuko cha manja apamwamba ngati njira yayikulu, lasers opangidwa ndi galasi laybium laseri likugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani amakono, ulimi, kufufuza kwasayansi.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Asitikali: Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zopangidwa ndi magetsi pamene mphamvu ya nyukiliya yakhala ikuyembekezeredwa nthawi zonse. Magalasi a yterpium dor laser akukhala zinthu zomwe mungakonde kuti mukwaniritse kukhazikika kwa malo (ICF) m'masiku a zaka 21 chifukwa cha magwiridwe ake abwino kwambiri.
Zida za laser zimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yayikulu ya nyambo ya laser yomenya ndikuwononga mipata, kutentha kwa mabiliyoni a Celsius ndipo akuwukira mwachindunji kuthamanga kwa kuwala. Amatha kutchedwa Nadana ndipo ali ndi zowopsa kwambiri, makamaka kukonza zida zamakono zotetezera mpweya pankhondo. Kugwirira ntchito bwino kwa galasi la yTerbium dort yapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika yopanga zida zapamwamba komanso zapamwamba kwambiri.
Laser Laser ndiukadaulo watsopano wokulitsa komanso wa gawo la gawo la magalasi a laser. Chosakaniza chaphimba ndi laser yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito fiber monga laser meji, yomwe ndi yopanga ukadaulo wa fiber ndi laser. Ndiukadaulo watsopano wa laser watsopano pamaziko a erbium dopde fish amplifari (edfa) ukadaulo. Mpira wa fiber umapangidwa ndi semiconductor ya laser diide monga pomporge, huberep orgude ndi kupezeka kwa sing'anga monga ulusi wokangana ndi miyala. Sizimafunikira kusintha kwamakina kwa njira yamagetsi, ndipo makinawo ndi ophatikizika komanso osavuta kuphatikiza. Poyerekeza ndi zikhalidwe zolimba-boma ndi ma semiconduct a semiconduct ndi magwiritsidwe apamphungu monga mtengo wapamwamba kwambiri, kukhazikika bwino, kukana kwamphamvu ku kusokonekera kwachilengedwe, sikusintha. Chifukwa chakuti nyimbo zopepuka ndi ND + 3, YB + 3, Er + 3, 1, Ha + 3, Hor + 3,
Ntchito ya laser: Mphamvu yayikulu ytterbium dopted clad Clad Clad lasandulika utherteun ya laser yolimba padziko lonse lapansi padziko lonse lapansi. Ili ndi zabwino za mtengo wabwino, kapangidwe kake, komanso kutembenuka kwakukulu, ndipo ali ndi chiyembekezo chothandiza pantchito m'mafakitale ndi minda ina. Zithunzi ziwiri za ytterbium zopaka zopaka za vterters zimayenera kupopa kwa semiconducking lasempha, ndikuphatikizira kwakukulu ndi mphamvu yotulutsa laser ya laser, ndipo ndiye chitukuko chachikulu cha ulusi wa YTSTbium doprers. Tekinola iwiri ya China yotayika ya ytterbium doteden siyimodzinso par ndi gawo lalitali la mayiko akunja. Fiber ya yTerbium doped, yolunjika kawiri ya ytterbium ya ytterbium, ndi erbium ytterbium ca dopded ku China yafika pazinthu zofananira zakunja malinga ndi zomwe zili ndi zinthu zingapo komanso njira zingapo.
Kampani yotchuka padziko lonse lapansi ya ku Germany posachedwapa idalengeza kuti dongosolo lawo losemedwa la ytterbium laviber limakhala ndi zowoneka bwino, mipata ya mitengo yopitilira 50000 ija, mawonekedwe apakati pa 1070nm-1080nm, ndi mphamvu yotulutsa mpaka 20kw. Zagwiritsidwa ntchito mu bwino kuwotcherera, kudula, ndi mwala kubowola.
Zipangizo za laser ndizovuta ndi maziko a kukula kwa ukadaulo wa laser. Nthawi zonse pakhala mukunena za mabizinesi a laser kuti 'm'badwo umodzi wa zinthu, m'badwo umodzi wa zida'. Kuti mukhale ndi zida zapamwamba komanso zothandiza za laser, ndikofunikira kuyamba kukhala ndi zida zapamwamba kwambiri ndikuphatikiza matekinoloje ena oyenera. YTERSBIAIP LARS TRISPARS TRISPARS ndi galasi la laser, monga gulu latsopano la zida zolimba zamimba, ndikulimbikitsa ukadaulo wamafuta amphamvu kwambiri monga arser arsers a ma tasers, ndi zida zapamwamba kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza apo, yterbium imagwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chowonjezera cha fluoressics, zowonjezera za makompyuta amtundu wamakompyuta (magnetic bubbles), ndi owonjezera maboti owonjezera. Iyenera kufotokozedwa kuti YNTrium ndi Yyttrium ndi zonse zapadziko lapansi. Ngakhale pali kusiyana kwakukulu m'matchulidwe achingelezi ndi zizindikiro za chinthu, zilembo za pa Chinesen phonebob ili ndi zikwangwani zomwezo. M'matembenuzidwe ena achi China, Yyttrium nthawi zina amatanthauzira kuti YNTrium. Pankhaniyi, tiyenera kuyerekezera zolemba zoyambirira ndi kuphatikiza zizindikiro zoti zitsimikizire.
Post Nthawi: Aug-30-2023