Katundu, kugwiritsa ntchito ndi kukonzekera kwa yttrium oxide

Kapangidwe ka kristalo ka yttrium oxide

Yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃) ndi okusayidi woyera osowa padziko lapansi wosasungunuka m'madzi ndi alkali komanso kusungunuka mu asidi. Ndi mtundu wa C-rare earth sesquioxide wokhala ndi thupi lokhazikika la cubic.

Crystal parameter tebulo la Y₂O₃

Chithunzi cha Crystal Structure cha Y₂O₃

Thupi ndi mankhwala katundu wa yttrium okusayidi

(1) kulemera kwa molar ndi 225.82g/mol ndipo kachulukidwe ndi 5.01g/cm³;

(2) Malo osungunuka 2410℃, mfundo yowira 4300℃, kukhazikika kwabwino kwa kutentha;

(3) Kukhazikika kwathupi ndi mankhwala komanso kukana bwino kwa dzimbiri;

(4) Thermal conductivity ndipamwamba, yomwe imatha kufika 27 W / (MK) pa 300K, yomwe ili pafupi kawiri kutenthetsa kwa yttrium aluminium garnet (Y₃Al₅O₁₂), yomwe imapindulitsa kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake ngati sing'anga yogwirira ntchito ya laser;

(5) Mawonekedwe owoneka bwino ndi otakata (0.29 ~ 8μm), ndipo ma transmittance of theoretical m'dera lowoneka amatha kufikira oposa 80%;

(6) Mphamvu ya phonon ndiyotsika, ndipo nsonga yamphamvu kwambiri ya Raman sipekitiramu ili pa 377cm.^-1, zomwe zimapindulitsa kuchepetsa kuthekera kwa kusintha kosasunthika ndikuwongolera kusinthika kowala bwino;

(7) Pansi pa 2200℃, Y₂O₃ndi kiyubiki gawo popanda birefringence. Refractive index ndi 1.89 pamtunda wa 1050nm. Kusintha kukhala hexagonal gawo pamwamba pa 2200℃;

(8) Kusiyana kwa mphamvu kwa Y₂O₃ndi yotakata kwambiri, mpaka 5.5eV, ndipo mulingo wamphamvu wa ma ion opepuka amtundu wa doped trivalent rare earth uli pakati pa gulu la valence ndi band conduction ya Y.₂O₃ndi pamwamba pa Fermi mphamvu mlingo, motero kupanga discrete luminescent malo.

(9)Y₂O₃, monga matrix, imatha kutengera ma ion amitundu yosowa kwambiri padziko lapansi ndikulowa m'malo mwa Y.³⁺ions popanda kuchititsa kusintha kwa kamangidwe.

Ntchito zazikulu za yttrium oxide

Yttrium oxide, monga chowonjezera chogwira ntchito, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo a mphamvu ya atomiki, zakuthambo, fulorosenti, zamagetsi, zoumba zapamwamba zamakono ndi zina zotero chifukwa cha thupi lake labwino kwambiri monga dielectric constant, kukana kutentha kwabwino ndi dzimbiri lamphamvu. kukaniza.

Gwero la zithunzi: Network

1,Monga matrix a phosphor, amagwiritsidwa ntchito powonetsa, kuyatsa ndi kuyika chizindikiro;

2, Monga laser sing'anga zakuthupi, ziwiya zadothi mandala ndi ntchito mkulu kuwala akhoza kukonzekera, amene angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati sing'anga laser ntchito kuzindikira chipinda kutentha laser linanena bungwe;

3,Monga matrix osinthika a luminescent, amagwiritsidwa ntchito pozindikira infuraredi, kulemba zilembo za fluorescence ndi magawo ena;

4, Zopangidwa kukhala zoumba zowonekera, zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati magalasi owoneka ndi owoneka bwino, machubu otulutsa mpweya wothamanga kwambiri, ma ceramic scintillators, mazenera owonera ng'anjo yotentha kwambiri, ndi zina zambiri.

5, Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chotengera chotengera, zinthu zosagwira kutentha kwambiri, zinthu zokanira, etc.

6, Monga zopangira kapena zowonjezera, zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri pakutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri, zida za laser crystal, zoumba zoumba, zida zothandizira, zoumba za dielectric, ma aloyi ochita bwino kwambiri ndi magawo ena.

Kukonzekera njira ya yttrium oxide ufa

Njira yamadzimadzi yamadzimadzi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera ma oxides osowa padziko lapansi, omwe makamaka amaphatikiza njira ya mpweya wa oxalate, njira ya ammonium bicarbonate mpweya, njira ya urea hydrolysis ndi njira ya ammonia. Kuphatikiza apo, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi njira yokonzekera yomwe yakhudzidwa kwambiri pakadali pano. Njira yothira mchere

1. oxalate mpweya njira

Zosowa zapadziko lapansi zomwe zimakonzedwa ndi njira ya oxalate precipitation zimakhala ndi ubwino wa digiri yapamwamba ya crystallization, mawonekedwe abwino a kristalo, kuthamanga kwachangu kusefera, zonyansa zochepa komanso ntchito yosavuta, yomwe ndi njira wamba yokonzekera chiyero chosowa kwambiri padziko lapansi pakupanga mafakitale.

Njira yothetsera ammonium bicarbonate

2. Njira ya ammonium bicarbonate mpweya

Ammonium bicarbonate ndi mtengo wotsika mtengo. M'mbuyomu, anthu nthawi zambiri ankagwiritsa ntchito njira ya ammonium bicarbonate kuti akonze mbiya ya carbonate yosakanikirana kuchokera ku njira yothira madzi a miyala yapadziko lapansi. Pakadali pano, ma oxides osowa padziko lapansi amakonzedwa ndi njira ya mpweya wa ammonium bicarbonate m'makampani. Nthawi zambiri, njira ya mpweya wa ammonium bicarbonate ndikuwonjezera ammonium bicarbonate olimba kapena yankho mu njira yosowa yapadziko lapansi ya chloride pa kutentha kwina, Kukalamba, kuchapa, kuyanika ndi kuyaka, okusayidiyo amapezedwa. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa thovu lomwe limapangidwa panthawi yamvula ya ammonium bicarbonate komanso kusakhazikika kwa pH panyengo yamvula, kuchuluka kwa ma nucleation kumakhala kofulumira kapena pang'onopang'ono, zomwe sizikugwirizana ndi kukula kwa kristalo. Kuti tipeze okusayidi ndi abwino tinthu kukula ndi morphology, zimene zinthu ayenera mosamalitsa ankalamulira.

3. Kugwa kwa urea

Urea mpweya njira chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza osowa Earth okusayidi, amene si wotchipa ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso ali ndi kuthekera kukwaniritsa molondola kalambulabwalo nucleation ndi tinthu kukula, kotero urea mpweya njira yakopa anthu ambiri. kuyanjidwa ndi kukopa chidwi chachikulu ndi kafukufuku kuchokera kwa akatswiri ambiri pakali pano.

4. Utsi granulation

Ukadaulo wautsi wa granulation uli ndi zabwino zake zokha zokha, kupanga bwino kwambiri komanso mtundu wapamwamba wa ufa wobiriwira, chifukwa chake kutsitsi kwa granulation kwakhala njira yodziwika bwino yopangira ufa.

M'zaka zaposachedwa, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthaka yosowa m'madera achikhalidwe sikunasinthe kwenikweni, koma kugwiritsa ntchito kwake muzinthu zatsopano kwawonjezeka mwachiwonekere. Monga zinthu zatsopano, nano Y₂O₃ali ndi gawo lalikulu la ntchito. Masiku ano, pali njira zambiri zokonzekera nano Y₂O₃zipangizo, amene akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu atatu: madzi gawo njira, mpweya gawo njira ndi olimba gawo njira, mwa njira yamadzimadzi gawo ndi ambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito.They anawagawa kutsitsi pyrolysis, hydrothermal synthesis, microemulsion, Sol-gel osakaniza, kuyaka. kaphatikizidwe ndi mvula. Komabe, spheroidized yttrium okusayidi nanoparticles adzakhala apamwamba enieni padziko m'dera, pamwamba mphamvu, bwino fluidity ndi dispersity, amene ali ofunika kuganizira.