Njira zosawerengeka za metallurgical lapansi

Palinso njira ziwiri zopangira zitsulo zosasowa padziko lapansi, zomwe ndi hydrometallurgy ndi pyrometallurgy.

Hydrometallurgy ndi njira yamankhwala azitsulo, ndipo njira yonseyi imakhala yosungunulira komanso yosungunulira. Mwachitsanzo, kuwonongeka kwa osowa dziko limafotokoza, kulekana ndi m'zigawo zaosowa nthaka oxides, mankhwala, ndi zitsulo zosawerengeka zapadziko lapansi zimagwiritsa ntchito njira zolekanitsa mankhwala monga mpweya, crystallization, kuchepetsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni, kuchotsa zosungunulira, ndi kusinthana kwa ion. Njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi organic solvent m'zigawo, yomwe ndi njira yapadziko lonse lapansi yolekanitsa mafakitale a zinthu zapadziko lapansi zoyera kwambiri. Njira ya hydrometallurgical ndi yovuta, ndipo chiyero cha mankhwala ndi chachikulu. Njirayi imakhala ndi ntchito zambiri popanga zinthu zomalizidwa.

Njira ya pyrometallurgical ndiyosavuta komanso imakhala ndi zokolola zambiri.Dziko lapansi losowapyrometallurgy makamaka imaphatikizapo kukonza ma alloys osowa padziko lapansi pochepetsa silicothermic, zitsulo zosawerengeka zapadziko lapansi kapena ma aloyi ndi ma electrolysis osungunuka amchere, ndi ma alloys osowa padziko lapansi pochepetsa kutentha kwachitsulo. Chikhalidwe chofala cha pyrometallurgy ndi kupanga pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu.