Tsogolo lafika, ndipo anthu ayandikira pang'onopang'ono gulu lobiriwira komanso lopanda mpweya.Dziko lapansi losowazinthu zimagwira ntchito yofunikira pakupangira mphamvu zamagetsi, magalimoto amagetsi atsopano, maloboti anzeru, kugwiritsa ntchito haidrojeni, kuyatsa kopulumutsa mphamvu, komanso kuyeretsa mpweya.
Dziko lapansi losowandi mawu gulu 17 zitsulo, kuphatikizapoyttrium, scandium, ndi zinthu 15 za lanthanide. Magalimoto oyendetsa ndiye chigawo chachikulu cha maloboti anzeru, ndipo ntchito zake zolumikizana zimatheka makamaka ndi galimoto yoyendetsa. Maginito osatha a ma servo motors ndi omwe amafunikira mphamvu yayikulu ku chiŵerengero cha misa ndi torque inertia ratio, torque yoyambira kwambiri, inertia yotsika, komanso liwiro lalikulu komanso losalala. Maginito okhazikika a neodymium iron boron amatha kupangitsa kuyenda kwa maloboti kukhala kosavuta, mwachangu, komanso mwamphamvu kwambiri.
Palinso ntchito zambiri za carbon lowmayiko osowam'munda wamagalimoto azikhalidwe, monga magalasi ozizira, kuyeretsa utsi, ndi maginito okhazikika. Kwa nthawi yayitali,cerium(Ce) yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera mu galasi lamagalimoto, zomwe sizimangoteteza kuwala kwa ultraviolet komanso kutsitsa kutentha mkati mwagalimoto, potero zimapulumutsa magetsi kuti aziwongolera mpweya. Zoonadi, chofunika kwambiri ndi kuyeretsa mpweya wotuluka. Panopa, ambiriceriumOthandizira oyeretsa mpweya wapadziko lonse lapansi akuletsa bwino kuti mpweya wochuluka wagalimoto usatuluke mumlengalenga. Pali ntchito zambiri zapadziko lapansi zomwe sizipezeka muukadaulo wobiriwira wobiriwira.
Dziko lapansi losowaamagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa ali ndi mphamvu zabwino kwambiri za thermoelectric, maginito, ndi kuwala. Mapangidwe apadera amagetsi amapereka zinthu zapadziko lapansi zosawerengeka zomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri komanso zokongola, makamaka kuyambira pamenepodziko losowazinthu zili ndi 4f electron sublayer, nthawi zina amadziwikanso kuti "mulingo wa mphamvu". 4f electron sublayer sikuti ili ndi milingo 7 yodabwitsa ya mphamvu, komanso ili ndi zotchingira ziwiri zoteteza "mulingo wa mphamvu" wa 5d ndi 6s pamphepete. Magawo 7 amphamvu awa ali ngati zidole za diamondi, zosiyanasiyana komanso zosangalatsa. Ma electron osaphatikizidwa pamagulu asanu ndi awiri a mphamvu samangozungulira okha, komanso amazungulira kuzungulira phata, kupanga nthawi zosiyanasiyana za maginito ndi kupanga maginito okhala ndi nkhwangwa zosiyanasiyana. Magawo ang'onoang'ono a maginitowa amathandizidwa ndi zigawo ziwiri zotchingira zoteteza, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala maginito kwambiri. Asayansi amagwiritsa ntchito maginito a zitsulo zapadziko lapansi kuti apange maginito apamwamba kwambiri, ofupikitsidwa ngati "maginito osowa padziko lapansi". The zodabwitsa katundu wamayiko osowaakufufuzidwabe mwakhama ndi kupezedwa ndi asayansi mpaka lero.
Maginito omatira a neodymium ali ndi magwiridwe antchito osavuta, otsika mtengo, ocheperako, olondola kwambiri, komanso maginito okhazikika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'magawo monga ukadaulo wazidziwitso, automation yamaofesi, ndi zamagetsi zamagetsi. Maginito otentha a neodymium ali ndi ubwino wokhala ndi kachulukidwe kwambiri, mawonekedwe apamwamba, kukana kwa dzimbiri, komanso kukakamiza kwambiri.
M'tsogolomu, maiko osowa adzakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga nzeru za carbon low kwa anthu.
Chitsime: Science Popularization China
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-24-2023