Kuyambira m'ma 1950, Chinesedziko losowaogwira ntchito za sayansi ndi zamakono achita kafukufuku wambiri ndi chitukuko pa njira yochotsera zosungunulira zolekanitsadziko losowazinthu, ndipo apeza zotsatira zambiri za kafukufuku wa sayansi, zomwe zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mafakitale osowa padziko lapansi. Mu 1970, N263 idagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino m'mafakitale kuchotsa ndi kupatukanayttrium oxidendi chiyero cha 99.99%, m'malo mwa njira yosinthira ion yolekanitsayttrium oxide. Mtengo unali wocheperapo gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a njira yosinthira ion; Mu 1970, P204 m'zigawo ntchito m'malo mwa classical recrystallization njira kubala kuwalaosowa nthaka oxides; Kuchotsalanthanum oxidekugwiritsa ntchito methyl dimethyl heptyl ester (P350) m'malo mwa njira yachikale ya crystallization; Mu 1970s ndondomeko ammonia P507 m'zigawo ndi kulekana kwadziko losowazinthu ndi m'zigawo zayttriumnaphthenic acid idagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba ku Chinadziko losowamafakitale a hydrometallurgy; Kukula mwachangu kwaukadaulo waukadaulo ku Chinadziko losowamakampani sangasiyane ndi khama la Yuan Chengye ndi comrades ena ochokera ku Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry. Zotulutsa zosiyanasiyana (monga P204, P350, P507, etc.) adafufuza bwino zagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani; Lingaliro la kutulutsa kwapang'onopang'ono lomwe linaperekedwa ndi kulimbikitsidwa ndi Pulofesa Xu Guangxian wa ku yunivesite ya Peking m'zaka za m'ma 1970 lakhala likutsogolera paukadaulo waku China wochotsa ndi kupatukana. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, njira yolekanitsa yokonzedwa bwino pogwiritsa ntchito chiphunzitso cha cascade extraction chinaperekedwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mudziko losowam'zigawo ndi kulekana makampani.
Pazaka 40 zapitazi, China yakwaniritsa zinthu zambiri zodabwitsa m'munda wadziko losowakulekana ndi kuyeretsedwa.
M'zaka za m'ma 1960, bungwe la Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute linaphunzira bwino njira yochepetsera ufa wa zinki kuti ikhale yoyera kwambiri.europium oxide, yomwe inali nthawi yoyamba ku China kupanga zinthu zazikulu kuposa 99.99%. Njira imeneyi imagwiritsidwabe ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyanamayiko osowam'dziko lonselo logwiritsidwa ntchito ndi fakitale; Shanghai Yuelong Chemical Plant, Fudan University, ndi Beijing General Institute of Nonferrous Metals adagwirizana kuti agwiritse ntchito njira yosinthira ion kuti alemeretse N263 ndi P204 ndikuchotsa ndikuyeretsa kuti apeze chiyero cha 99.95%.yttrium oxide. Mu 1970, P204 idagwiritsidwa ntchito kulemeretsa N263 ndikupezayttrium oxidendi chiyero choposa 99.99% kudzera muzowonjezera zachiwiri ndi kuyeretsedwa.
Kuyambira 1967 mpaka 1968, chomera choyesera cha Jiangxi 801 Factory ndi Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute chinagwirizana kuti aphunzire bwino njira yogwiritsira ntchito gulu la P204 - N263 kuchotsa yttrium oxide. Mu December 1968, 3-tani / chaka yyttrium oxidemsonkhano kupanga anamangidwa, ndi chiyero cha 99% yayttrium oxide.
Mu 1972, gulu lofufuza linapangidwa ndi makampani anayi, kuphatikizapo Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute, Jiangxi 806 Factory, Jiangxi Nonferrous Metallurgy Research Institute, ndi Changsha Nonferrous Metallurgy Design Institute. Pambuyo pazaka ziwiri zoyesa kafukufuku wophatikizana ku Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute, njira yochotserayttrium oxidekugwiritsa ntchito naphthenic acid monga chotsitsa ndi mowa wosakaniza monga diluent adaphunzira bwino.
Mu 1974, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry anapeza kwa nthawi yoyamba kuti pamene kulekanitsa.dziko losowazinthu pogwiritsa ntchito naphthenic acid m'zigawo,yttriuminali patsogolo palanthanum, kupangitsa kuti ikhale chinthu chosavuta kuchotsedwa m'maelementi osowa kwambiri padziko lapansi. Choncho, teknoloji yolekanitsayttrium oxidekugwiritsa ntchito naphthenic acid m'zigawo kuchokera ku nitric acid system adafunsidwa. Pa nthawi yomweyo, Beijing Nonferrous Zitsulo Research Institute anachita kafukufuku kulekana kwayttrium oxidekuchokera ku machitidwe a hydrochloric acid pogwiritsa ntchito naphthenic acid, ndi kuyesa kowonjezereka kunachitika ku Nanchang 603 Plant ndi Jiujiang 806 Plant mu 1975, pogwiritsa ntchito Longnan wosakaniza.osowa nthaka okusayidimonga zopangira. Mu 1974, Shanghai Yuelong Chemical Plant, Fudan University, ndi Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute adagwirizana kuti aphunzire kulekana kwayttrium oxidee kuchokera monazite Wosakanizadziko losowawa brownyttriumColumbium ore amagwiritsa ntchito heavydziko losowayotengedwa ndikugawidwa ndi P204 ngati zopangira, ndiyttrium oxidee imasiyanitsidwa ndi naphthenic acid m'zigawo. Mpikisano waubwenzi unachitika pazigawo zitatu, pomwe aliyense adasinthanitsa nzeru, adaphunzira ku mphamvu ndi zofooka za wina ndi mzake, ndipo potsiriza anaphunzira bwino naphthenic acid m'zigawo ndi kupatukana ndondomeko ya 99,99%yttrium oxidee ndi mawonekedwe achi China.
Kuyambira 1974 mpaka 1975, Nanchang 603 Factory anagwirizana ndi Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Beijing General Institute of Non ferrous Metals, Jiangxi Institute of Non ferrous Metallurgy, ndi mayunitsi ena bwino kuphunzira m'badwo wachitatu.yttrium oxidee m'zigawo ndondomeko - asidi naphthenic sitepe imodzi m'zigawo ndi m'zigawo za mkulu-chiyeroyttrium oxidee. Njirayi idayamba kugwira ntchito mu 1976.
Pa National NationalRare EarthMsonkhano wa Extraction womwe unachitikira ku Baotou mu 1976, Bambo Xu Guangxian adapereka lingaliro lachidule cha kuphulika. Mu 1977, "National Symposium onRare EarthM'zigawo za Cascade Theory and Practice” idachitikira ku Shanghai Yuelong Chemical Plant, ndikupereka chidziwitso chatsatanetsatane cha chiphunzitsochi. Pambuyo pake, chiphunzitso cha cascade m'zigawo chinagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakufufuza ndi kupanga kulekanitsa ndi kuyeretsa kwapadziko lapansi.
Mu 1976, bungwe la Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute linagwiritsa ntchito miyala ya Baotou yosakanikirana ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali.dziko losowakuchotsaceriumkuchokera kuzinthu zolemeretsedwa. Njira yochotsera N263 idagwiritsidwa ntchito kupatukanalanthanum praseodymium neodymium. Atatu mankhwala analekanitsidwa m'zigawo chimodzi, ndi chiyero chalanthanum oxide, praseodymium okusayidi,ndineodymium oxideanali pafupifupi 90%.
Kuyambira 1979 mpaka 1983, BaotouRare EarthResearch Institute ndi Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute adapanga dongosolo la P507 hydrochloric aciddziko losowam'zigawo kulekana ndondomeko ntchito Baotou osowa nthaka miyala ngati zopangira kupeza asanu limodzidziko losowazopangidwa (kuyera 99% mpaka 99,95%)lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium,ndigadolinium, komansoeuropiumnditerbiummankhwala olemeretsa. Njirayi inali yochepa, yopitilira, ndipo chiyero cha mankhwala chinali chachikulu.
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1980, Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute inagwirizana ndi Jiujiang Nonferrous Metals Smelter, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, ndi Jiangxi 603 Factory kuti achite kafukufuku wa "Sixth Five Year Plan" ndipo adapanga bwino njira zamakono zolekanitsa osakwatiwa.dziko losowazinthu zochokera ku Longnan zosakanikiranadziko losowapogwiritsa ntchito P507 hydrochloric acid system.
Mu 1983, Jiujiang Nonferrous Metals Smelter anatengera luso la Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute la "naphthenic acid hydrochloric acid system" kuti apange kalasi ya fulorosenti.yttrium oxidekuchokera ku Longnan osakaniza a rare earth” kuti apange giredi ya fulorosentiyttrium oxide, kuchepetsa mtengo wayttrium oxidendi kukwaniritsa zofuna zayttrium oxideza kanema wawayilesi ku China.
Mu 1984, Beijing General Institute of Non ferrous Metals bwinobwino anaphunzira kulekana kwa mkulu-chiyero.terbium oxidepogwiritsa ntchito P507 m'zigawo utomoni ntchitoterbiumzinthu zolemeretsa ngati zopangira ku China.
Mu 1985, Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute inasamutsa naphthenic acid m'zigawo kulekana fulorosenti kalasi.yttrium oxideteknoloji yopita ku dziko lakale la German Democratic Republic kwa 1.71 miliyoni Swiss francs, yomwe inali yoyambadziko losowaukadaulo wopatukana wotumizidwa kunja ndi China.
Kuchokera ku 1984 mpaka 1986, yunivesite ya Peking inamaliza kuyesa kwa mafakitale pa kuchotsa ndi kulekanitsa La/CePr/Nd ndi La/Ce/Pr mu dongosolo la P507-HCl pa Chachitatu.Rare EarthChomera cha Baosteel. Zoposa 98%praseodymium okusayidi, 99.5%lanthanum oxidekuposa 85%cerium oxidendi 99%neodymium oxideanapezedwa. Mu 1986, Shanghai Yuelong Chemical Plant inagwiritsa ntchito chiphunzitso cha kukhathamiritsa kwa njira zitatu zotulutsira malo, kukwaniritsidwa kwapang'onopang'ono kwa chiphunzitso cha kutulutsa kwapang'onopang'ono ku yunivesite ya Peking, kuti achite kuyesa kwa mafakitale atatu mu njira yatsopano ya P507-HCl yopepuka yosowa padziko lapansi. Kuyesa kwa mafakitale kunakulitsa mwachindunji chiphunzitso cha kutulutsa kwa cascade mpaka matani 100, kufupikitsa kwambiri nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito njira yatsopanoyi popanga.
Kuyambira 1986 mpaka 1989, Baotou Rare Earth Research Institute, Jiangxi 603 Factory, ndi Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute adapanga P507-HCl system multioutlet extraction process, yomwe imalola kupanga munthawi yomweyo zinthu 3-5 zapadziko lapansi zosawerengeka kudzera m'zigawo zing'onozing'ono. Njirayi ndi yaifupi, yotsika mtengo, komanso yosinthika.
Kuyambira 1990 mpaka 1995, Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute ndi BaotouRare EarthResearch Institute inagwirizana kuti ipange “Eighth Five Year Plan” pulojekiti yadziko lonse yofufuza zasayansi ndi ukadaulo “Research on High Purity SingleRare EarthTekinoloje ya Extraction". Sixteen singleosowa nthaka okusayidimankhwala okhala ndi chiyero choposa 99.999% mpaka 99.9999% adakonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njira yochotsa, njira ya chromatography, njira ya redox, ndi njira ya cation exchange fiber chromatography, motsatana. Ndondomekoyi yafika pamlingo wapadziko lonse lapansi ndipo yapambana Mphotho Yaikulu Yachipambano Chachikulu cha “Eighth Five Year Plan”.
Mu 2000, Beijing Nonferrous Metals Research Institute idakwanitsa kupanga njira yochepetsera ma electrolytic kuti ikonzekere kuyera kwambiri.europium oxide. Chifukwa chopewa kuipitsidwa kwa ufa wa zinki pamankhwala, njirayi imatha kutulutsaeuropium oxidendi chiyero cha 5N-6N kamodzi. Mu 2001, mzere wapachaka wopangira matani 18 a ukhondo wapamwambaeuropium oxideinamangidwa ku GansuRare EarthKampani ndikuyika ntchito chaka chimenecho.
Mwachidule, Chinadziko losowakulekana ndi kuyeretsedwa luso tinganene kuti kutsogolera mu dziko, monga naphthenic acid m'zigawo kulekana kwayttrium oxidezazikulu kuposa 5N, P507 m'zigawo njira kukonzekeralanthanum oxidechachikulu kuposa 5N, electrolytic kuchepetsa m'zigawo njira kapena alkalinity njira kukonzekeraeuropium oxidezazikulu kuposa 5N, etc. Komabe, mlingo wa ulamuliro zochita zokha pa kulekana ndi kuyeretsa makampani ndi otsika, ndipo mabizinezi ena ali osauka khalidwe bata ndi kusasinthasintha mkulu-chiyero.dziko losowamankhwala. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa zida zamabizinesi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-02-2023