Erbium, Atomiki nambala 68, ili mu 6 mozungulira kwame ya mankhwala, Lantanide (gulu la Iiib) nambala 11, atomiki kulemera 167.26, ndipo dzina la mlengalenga padziko lapansi la Wytrium Dziko lapansi.
Erbiumili ndi zomwe zili ndi 0.000247% mu kutumphuka ndipo imapezeka ambiridziko lapansimichere. Imakhalapo m'miyala ya igneous ndipo imatha kupezeka ndi electrolysis komanso kusungunuka kwa ercl3. Amakhala ndi mitundu ina yapamwamba kwambiri padziko lapansi ya yttrium yttphate ndi wakudadziko lapansimalo osungira golide.
Ionicdziko lapansiMichere: Jiangxi, guangdong, Fujian, Hunan, Gunan, Gunan, etc. ku China. Phosphorous Yttrium Ore: Malaysia, Guangxi, Guangdong, China. Momisala wa ku Australia, madera a Australia, ma guangda, ku China, ndi madera a Taiwan.
Kupeza Mbiri
Adazindikira mu 1843
Njira Zopezedwa: Kupezeka ndi CG mmander mu 1843. Poyambirira anatcha oxilla Thbium Trebium oxide, choncho m'mabuku akale,Terbium oxidendiErbium oxideadasakanizidwa. Sizinali zitatha 1860 izi zinali zofunika.
Nthawi yomweyo monga momwe zadziwiraLanthanum, Mossinder adasanthula ndikuphunzira koyamba za zomerazo, ndikufalitsa lipoti mu 1842, ndikufotokozera kuti posachedwapa. Adaberekabe cnrium padziko lapansi, ndipo m'modzi wa iwo erbia (Erbiumdziko lapansi). Chizindikiro cha chinthucho chimasankhidwa kuti er. Kupezeka kwa Erbium ndi zinthu zina ziwiri,Lanthanumndimnyanga, adatsegula khomo lachiwiri kuti adziwedziko lapansizinthu, kuyika gawo lachiwiri la zomwe adapezazo. Zomwe adapezazo zinali zopezeka zitatudziko lapansiZinthu zitatha zinthu ziwiriceumndiYNTrium.
Kusintha kwa Electron
Masanjidwe apakompyuta:
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p2 4s2 3D10 4p6 5s2 4D10 5p6 4p2
Mphamvu zoyambirira zamagetsi ndi 6.10 entroctron mavorts. Mphamvu zamankhwala ndi thupi zimafanana ndi za Holmium ndi Dysprium.
Asotopes a Erbium amaphatikizapo: 162er, 164er, 166E, 167er, 168er, 178ers.
Chitsulo
Erbiumndi chitsulo choyera choyera, chofewa chofewa, chopanda madzi ndi sungunuka m'matumbo. Mchere ndi oxides ndi pinki kufiira. Kusungunuka 1529 ° C, kuwiritsa mpaka 2863 ° C, kachulukidwe 9.006 g / cm ³.
Erbiumndi antiferoromagnetic pamatenthedwe otsika, olimba mtima a Ferromagneto pafupi ndi zero, ndipo ndi wamkulu.
Erbiumikusankhidwa pang'onopang'ono ndi mpweya ndi madzi kutentha kwa firiji, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti duwa lofiila.
Ntchito:
OxideEr2o3ndi mtundu wofiirira wogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mbiya zobiriwira.Erbium oxideimagwiritsidwa ntchito munthawi ya ceramic kupanga enamel apinki.
ErbiumAlinso ndi ntchito zina pamakampani anyukiliya ndipo imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo la alloy pa zitsulo zina. Mwachitsanzo, KutulutsaErbiumKu Candium amatha kulimbikitsa duwa lake.
Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiriErbiumikupangaErbiuma Amplifiers (Edfas). Chingwe cha nyambo (Edfa) adayamba ku Yunivesite ya Southempton mu 1985. Ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu kwambiri mu 1985. Ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zowonjezera kwambiri mu 1985. Ndi imodzi mwazomwe zimapangidwanso kuti ndikhale "mafuta" azolowera kwambiri.ErbiumChowomba chofiirira ndiye maziko a kupatulidwa ndikutsitsa gawo laling'ono lanyama lapansi loyipa lanyama lapansi (ER3 +) mu quartz. Kutulutsa makumi asanu ndi ma ppm mazana a erbium mu ulusi wowoneka bwino kumatha kulipirira zotayika za mawonedwe.ErbiumMafuta a Armpod ali ngati "popopera popopera" pololeza zizindikilo zopezeka kunja kwa malo ophunzirira kumayambiriro kwa mtunda wautali, kulumikizana kwambiri, komanso kulumikizana kwambiri.
Ntchito ina yaErbiumndi laser, makamaka ngati zinthu zamankhwala.ErbiumLaser ndi laseri yolimba-State-Stand yokhala ndi mutu wa 2940nm, womwe ukhoza kuyamwa kwambiri mamolekyulu amadzi mu minyewa ya anthu, kukwaniritsa zotsatira zazikuluzikulu ndi mphamvu zochepa. Itha kudulidwa molondola, pogaya, ndi tofana ndi zofewa. Erbium yag laser imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochotsa zikopa.ErbiumZida zamankhwala za laser ndikutsegulira magawo ogwiritsira ntchito ogwiritsira ntchito a laser.
ErbiumItha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati chotsegulira ion wapamwamba kwambiri padziko lapansi la laser.ErbiumZipangizo za laser orket zitha kugawidwa m'magulu awiri: Crystal, mchere wa erbium-dop2, alf3-alf3-alf3-alf3-alf3-alf3-alf2, alf3-alf2, alf2 Bayf5: YB3 +, ER3 + Ikhoza kutembenuza kuwunikira kosasinthika kukhala Kuwala kowoneka, ndipo kuchulukitsa kumeneku kukugwiritsidwa ntchito poyambira zida zamaso usiku.
Post Nthawi: Oct-25-2023