M'banja lalikulu la zosowa zapadziko lapansi,gadolinium oxide (Gd2O2)wakhala nyenyezi m'gulu la sayansi yazinthu zomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera akuthupi ndi mankhwala komanso magawo ambiri ogwiritsira ntchito. Choyera choyera ichi sichimangokhala membala wofunikira wa ma oxides osowa padziko lapansi, komanso chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakukula kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo wamakono. Kuchokera ku zojambula zamankhwala kupita kuukadaulo wamagetsi a nyukiliya, kuchokera ku maginito kupita ku zida zowoneka bwino, gadolinium oxide ili ponseponse, ndikuwunikira kufunikira kwapadera kwa zinthu zapadziko lapansi.
1. Basic katundu wa gadolinium okusayidi
Gadolinium oxidendi osowa padziko lapansi okusayidi omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe a cubic crystal. Mu mawonekedwe ake a kristalo, ma ion a gadolinium ndi ayoni okosijeni amaphatikizidwa m'malo enaake kuti apange chomangira chokhazikika chamankhwala. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapangitsa kuti gadolinium oxide isungunuke mpaka 2350 ° C, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yokhazikika m'malo otentha kwambiri.
Pankhani yamankhwala, gadolinium oxide imawonetsa mawonekedwe a alkaline oxide. Imatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi ma asidi kupanga mchere wofananira ndipo imakhala ndi hygroscopicity. Makhalidwewa amafunikira kusungirako ndi kusamalira kwapadera kwa gadolinium oxide panthawi yokonzekera zinthu.
Pankhani yakuthupi, gadolinium oxide ili ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri owoneka bwino komanso maginito. Ili ndi chiwonetsero chapamwamba cha refractive komanso kutulutsa kwabwino kwa kuwala m'dera lowoneka bwino, lomwe limayika maziko akugwiritsa ntchito kwake mu gawo la kuwala. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, mawonekedwe a 4f electron shell a gadolinium ion amapereka mphamvu yapadera ya maginito.
Breif mawu oyamba
| Dzina la malonda | Gadolinium oxide, Gadolinium (III) oxide |
| Cas | 12064-62-9 |
| MF | Gd2O3 |
| Kulemera kwa Maselo | 362.50 |
| Kuchulukana | 7.407g/cm3 |
| Malo osungunuka | 2,420° C |
| Maonekedwe | White ufa |
| Chiyero | 5N (Gd2O3/REO≥99.999%）;3N (Gd2O3/REO≥ 99.9%) |
| Kusungunuka | Sasungunuke m'madzi, wosungunuka mumphamvu mchere zidulo |
| Kukhazikika | Pang'ono hygroscopic |
| Wazinenero zambiri | GadoliniumOxid, Oxyde De Gadolinium, Oxido Del Gadolinio |
| Solubility mankhwala Ksp | 1.8 × 10-23 |
| Kapangidwe ka kristalo | Monoclinic crystal system |
| Mtundu | Epoch |
2. Kore ntchito madera gadolinium okusayidi
M'zachipatala, ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya gadolinium oxide imakhala ngati zopangira zopangira maginito a resonance imaging (MRI). Ma complexes a Gadolinium amatha kusintha kwambiri nthawi yopumula ya ma protoni amadzi, kusintha kusiyanitsa, ndikupereka zithunzi zomveka bwino za matenda. Ntchitoyi yalimbikitsa kwambiri chitukuko chaukadaulo wamakono wojambula zithunzi zachipatala.
Pazinthu zamaginito, gadolinium oxide ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pokonzekera maginito monga gadolinium iron garnet (GdIG). Zidazi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pazida za microwave ndi zida za magneto-optical, ndipo zimapereka maziko azinthu zopangira ukadaulo wamakono wolumikizirana.
M'mawonekedwe opangira, gadolinium oxide imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu phosphors, zida za laser, zokutira zowoneka bwino ndi magawo ena chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake owoneka bwino. Makamaka pokonzekera mafilimu apamwamba a refractive-index optical, gadolinium oxide amasonyeza ubwino wapadera.
Muukadaulo wamagetsi a nyukiliya, gadolinium oxide imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ndodo yowongolera zida zanyukiliya chifukwa cha gawo lake lalikulu la kuyamwa kwa neutron. Izi ndizofunika kwambiri pakuyendetsa bwino kwa zida zanyukiliya.
3. Kukula kwamtsogolo kwa gadolinium oxide
Ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wokonzekera, njira yophatikizira ya gadolinium oxide yakhala ikukonzedwa mosalekeza. Kuchokera ku njira yachikhalidwe yolimba-gawo mpaka njira yotsogola ya sol-gel, kukonza kwa njira yokonzekera kwasintha kwambiri chiyero ndi magwiridwe antchito a gadolinium oxide.
M'minda yomwe ikubwera, gadolinium oxide imawonetsa kuthekera kwakukulu. Mu kuyatsa kwamphamvu, quantum computing, ulamuliro wa chilengedwe ndi zina, ofufuza akufufuza ntchito zatsopano za gadolinium oxide. Kufufuza uku kwatsegula njira zatsopano zopangira tsogolo la gadolinium oxide.
Kutengera momwe makampani akuyembekezerera, ndikukula mwachangu kwa mafakitale omwe akubwera monga mphamvu zatsopano ndi zida zatsopano, kufunikira kwa msika wa gadolinium oxide kupitilira kukula. Makamaka pankhani yaukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri komanso ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri, kufunika kwa gadolinium oxide kudzapititsidwa patsogolo.
Monga membala wofunikira wa banja losowa kwambiri padziko lapansi, mtengo wa gadolinium oxide sumangowonetsedwa pazogwiritsa ntchito pano, komanso mwayi wake wopanda malire pakukula kwaukadaulo wamtsogolo. Kuchokera kuumoyo wamankhwala kupita kuukadaulo wamagetsi, kuchokera pakulankhulana kwa chidziwitso kupita kuchitetezo cha chilengedwe, gadolinium oxide ikuthandizira kwambiri kupita patsogolo kwa sayansi ndi ukadaulo waumunthu ndi zinthu zake zapadera. Ndikukula kosalekeza kwa sayansi yazinthu, gadolinium oxide idzawala m'magawo ambiri ndikupitiliza gawo lodziwika bwino lazosowa zapadziko lapansi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-20-2025