Cerium oxide, Molecular formula ndiCeO2, mawu achi China:Cerium (IV) oxide, kulemera kwa maselo: 172.11500.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zopukutira, chothandizira, chonyamulira chothandizira (wothandizira), chotsitsa cha ultraviolet, electrolyte yama cell cell, chotsitsa chamagetsi, Electroceramics, etc.
Chemical katundu
Pa kutentha kwa 2000 ℃ ndi kupanikizika kwa 15 MPa, Cerium (III) oxide ikhoza kupezedwa ndi kuchepetsa wa hydrogen wa cerium oxide.Kutentha kukakhala kwaulere pa 2000 ℃, ndipo kupanikizika kuli kwaulere pa 5 MPa, cerium oxide imakhala yachikasu pang'ono, yofiira pang'ono, ndi pinki.
Katundu wakuthupi
Zopangira zoyera ndi ufa wolemera kwambiri kapena ma kiyubiki makhiristo, pomwe zonyansa zimakhala zachikasu kapena pinki mpaka zofiirira zofiirira (chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa lanthanum, praseodymium, ndi zina).
Kachulukidwe 7.13g/cm3, kusungunuka mfundo 2397 ℃, kuwira mfundo 3500 ℃.
Insoluble m'madzi ndi alkali, sungunuka pang'ono mu asidi.
Poizoni, Wapakati mlingo wakupha (khoswe, pakamwa) pafupifupi 1g/kg.
Njira yopangira
Njira yopanga cerium okusayidi makamaka ndi mpweya wa oxalic acid, ndiko kuti, kutenga cerium chloride kapena Cerium nitrate solution ngati zopangira, kusintha mtengo wa Ph kukhala 2 ndi oxalic acid, ndikuwonjezera ammonia kuti muchepetse Cerium oxalate, kutentha, kukhwima, kulekanitsa, kutsuka. , kuyanika pa 110 ℃, ndi kuyaka pa 900 ~ 1000 ℃ kupanga cerium okusayidi.
CeCl2+H2C2O4+2NH4OH → CeC2O4+2H2O+2NH4Cl
Kugwiritsa ntchito
Oxidizing agents.Zothandizira za Organic reaction.Gwiritsani ntchito zitsanzo zazitsulo zosowa padziko lapansi posanthula zitsulo.Kusanthula kwa redox titration.Galasi lotayika.Glass enamel sunshade.Aloyi yosamva kutentha.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera mumakampani agalasi, ngati chopera chagalasi yamagalasi, komanso ngati cholepheretsa UV ku zodzoladzola.Pakadali pano, idakulitsidwa mpaka kukupera magalasi, magalasi owoneka bwino, ndi machubu azithunzi, zomwe zimathandizira pakuchotsa mtundu, kuwunikira, kuyamwa kwagalasi ndi UV, komanso kuyamwa kwa mizere yamagetsi.
Osowa dziko kupukuta zotsatira
Ufa wonyezimira wapadziko lapansi wosowa uli ndi ubwino wothamanga mofulumira, kusalala kwambiri, ndi moyo wautali wautumiki.Poyerekeza ndi ufa wonyezimira wachikhalidwe - ufa wofiira wachitsulo, suipitsa chilengedwe ndipo ndi wosavuta kuchotsa ku chinthu chotsatira.Kupukuta mandala ndi cerium oxide polishing powder kumatenga mphindi imodzi kuti kumalize, pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito iron oxide polishing powder kumatenga mphindi 30-60.Chifukwa chake, ufa wonyezimira wapadziko lapansi wosowa uli ndi ubwino wa mlingo wochepa, liwiro lopukuta mofulumira, komanso kupukuta kwakukulu.Ndipo zikhoza kusintha khalidwe kupukuta ndi malo ntchito.Nthawi zambiri, ufa wopaka magalasi osowa kwambiri umagwiritsa ntchito ma cerium rich oxides.Chifukwa chomwe cerium oxide ndi chopukutira chothandiza kwambiri chifukwa imatha kupukuta magalasi nthawi imodzi ndikuwola kwamankhwala komanso kukangana kwamakina.Osowa lapansi cerium kupukuta ufa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupukuta makamera, magalasi kamera, machubu TV, magalasi, etc. Pakali pano, pali ambiri osowa nthaka kupukuta ufa fakitale ku China, ndi sikelo yopanga matani oposa khumi.Baotou Tianjiao Qingmei Osowa Earth Polishing Powder Co., Ltd., mgwirizano wakunja wa Sino, pakadali pano ndi imodzi mwamafakitole akuluakulu osowa padziko lapansi opukuta ufa ku China, omwe amatha kupanga matani 1200 pachaka ndi zinthu zomwe zimagulitsidwa mdziko muno komanso padziko lonse lapansi.
Galasi decolorization
Magalasi onse amakhala ndi iron oxide, yomwe imatha kubweretsedwa mugalasi kudzera muzopangira, mchenga, miyala yamchere, ndi magalasi osweka muzosakaniza zamagalasi.Pali mitundu iwiri ya kukhalapo kwake: imodzi ndi chitsulo cha divalent, chomwe chimasintha mtundu wa galasi kukhala buluu wakuda, ndipo winayo ndi chitsulo cha trivalent, chomwe chimasintha mtundu wa galasi kukhala wachikasu.Discoloration ndi makutidwe ndi okosijeni a ayoni achitsulo a divalent kukhala chitsulo chapang'onopang'ono, chifukwa kuchuluka kwa chitsulo cha trivalent ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo khumi a chitsulo cha divalent.Kenako onjezani tona kuti muchepetse mtundu wamtundu wobiriwira.
Zinthu zapadziko lapansi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga magalasi makamaka ndi cerium oxide ndi neodymium oxide.Kusintha kwachikhalidwe choyera cha arsenic decolorizing ndi osowa magalasi ochotsa utoto sikumangowonjezera luso, komanso kumapewa kuipitsidwa kwa arsenic oyera.Cerium oxide yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa magalasi imakhala ndi zabwino monga kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwambiri, mtengo wotsika, komanso kusayamwa kwa kuwala kowoneka.
Kupaka utoto wagalasi
Ma ion padziko lapansi osowa amakhala ndi mitundu yokhazikika komanso yowala pamatenthedwe apamwamba, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphatikiza zinthuzo kupanga magalasi amitundu yosiyanasiyana.Ma oxides osowa padziko lapansi monga neodymium, praseodymium, erbium, ndi cerium ndi mitundu yabwino kwambiri yamagalasi.Galasi yowoneka bwino yokhala ndi mitundu yosowa kwambiri padziko lapansi imatenga kuwala kowoneka ndi mafunde amphamvu kuyambira 400 mpaka 700 nanometers, imawonetsa mitundu yokongola.Magalasi achikudawa atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zowunikira zowunikira ndege ndikuyenda, magalimoto osiyanasiyana oyendera, komanso zokongoletsera zaluso zapamwamba.
Neodymium oxide ikawonjezeredwa ku galasi la sodium calcium ndi Lead glass, mtundu wa galasi umadalira makulidwe a galasi, zomwe zili mu neodymium ndi mphamvu ya gwero la kuwala.Galasi yopyapyala ndi pinki yopepuka, ndipo galasi lokhuthala ndi lofiirira.Chodabwitsa ichi chimatchedwa neodymium dichroism;Praseodymium oxide imapanga mtundu wobiriwira wofanana ndi chromium;Erbium(III) oxide ndi pinki ikagwiritsidwa ntchito mu galasi la Photochromism ndi galasi la crystal;Kuphatikiza kwa cerium oxide ndi titaniyamu woipa kumapangitsa galasi kukhala lachikasu;Praseodymium okusayidi ndi neodymium okusayidi angagwiritsidwe ntchito praseodymium neodymium wakuda galasi.
Wosawerengeka wapadziko lapansi
Kugwiritsa ntchito cerium okusayidi m'malo mwachikhalidwe cha arsenic oxide monga chowunikira magalasi kuchotsa thovu ndi kufufuza zinthu zamitundu kumakhudza kwambiri kukonza mabotolo agalasi opanda mtundu.Chomalizidwacho chimakhala ndi fluorescence yoyera, kuwonekera bwino, komanso mphamvu zamagalasi zowoneka bwino komanso kukana kutentha.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, imathetsanso kuipitsidwa kwa arsenic ku chilengedwe ndi magalasi.
Kuonjezera apo, kuwonjezera cerium oxide ku galasi la tsiku ndi tsiku, monga nyumba ndi galasi lamagalimoto, galasi la crystal, kungachepetse kufalikira kwa kuwala kwa ultraviolet, ndipo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumeneku kwalimbikitsidwa ku Japan ndi United States.Ndi kusintha kwa moyo ku China, padzakhalanso msika wabwino.Kuonjezera neodymium oxide ku chipolopolo chagalasi cha chubu chazithunzi kungathe kuthetsa kufalikira kwa kuwala kofiira ndikuwonjezera kumveka.Magalasi apadera omwe ali ndi zowonjezereka zapadziko lapansi amaphatikizapo galasi la lanthanum, lomwe lili ndi chiwerengero chachikulu cha refractive index ndi makhalidwe otsika obalalika, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga magalasi osiyanasiyana, makamera apamwamba, ndi magalasi a kamera, makamaka pazida zojambula zithunzi zapamwamba;Galasi yotsimikizira ma radiation, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati galasi la Galimoto ndi chipolopolo chagalasi la TV;Galasi la Neodymium limagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu za laser ndipo ndizinthu zabwino kwambiri zama lasers akuluakulu, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zoyendetsedwa ndi Nuclear fusion.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-06-2023