Dziko Lonse,Amadziwika kuti "ndalama zachuma" za zinthu zatsopano, monga zinthu zapadera, zimatha kukonza bwino komanso kuyendetsa zinthu zina, ndipo zimadziwika kuti "mavitamini" amakono. Sikuti amangogwiritsidwa ntchito chimodzimodzi monga ma mechiralgy, petrochemicals, magalasi, kulumikizana, ndi umbanda, komanso ulimi, ndi zida zowoneka bwino. Magetsi, awespace, ndi malonda anyukiliya. Matekinolonowa agwiritsidwa ntchito bwino muukadaulo wamasikono, polimbikitsa kukula kwa ukadaulo wamakono wankhondo.
Gawo lapadera lomwe lidaseweradziko lapansiZinthu zatsopano muukadaulo wamakono wa asikono wamakono zakopa chidwi kwambiri ndi maboma ndi akatswiri a mayiko osiyanasiyana, monga kuti alembedwe ngati chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga madipativi a mayiko monga ku United States ndi madipano.
Mawu oyambaDziko lapansis ndi ubale wawo ndi chitetezo chankhondo ndi dziko
Kulankhula mosamalitsa, zinthu zonse zapadziko lapansi zili ndi ntchito zina zankhondo, koma udindo wawo wovuta kwambiri womwe amagwira ntchito ku dziko la National National Defer Recurietion ndi minda yankhondo ikuyenera kukhala pantchito monga laser mpaka asuring, chitsogozo cha laser, ndi kulankhulana.
Kugwiritsa ntchitodziko lapansichitsulo ndidziko lapansiChitsulo chamakono muukadaulo wamakono wankhondo
1.1 kugwiritsa ntchitoDziko lapansiChitsulo chamakono
Ntchitoyo imaphatikizaponso mbali ziwiri: kuyeretsa ndi kuwongolera, makamaka kupatula, kuchotsedwa kwa mpweya, ndikupangitsa kuuma kwake kwa magawo, ndikusintha mphamvu zake komanso mphamvu zake. Asitikali a Science ndi Tekisiki yaukadaulo apanga zida zambiri zachilengedwe zapadziko lapansi zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zogwiritsira ntchito zida zadziko lapansi.
1.1.1 Zitsulo Zankhondo
Poyambirira zaka za m'ma 1960, makampani a China, adayamba kufufuza kugwiritsa ntchito zolengedwa zapadziko lapansi m'madala ankhondo ndi mfuti, komanso zopangidwa bwinodziko lapansiZida zankhondo monga 601, 603, ndipo 623, zikubwera mu nthawi yatsopano ya zopangira za tank ku China ku China popanga nyumba.
1.1.2Dziko lapansichitsulo cha kaboni
Mkati mwa 1960s, China adawonjezera 0,05%dziko lapansizinthu zina zapamwamba za kaboni kwambiri kuti apangedziko lapansichitsulo cha kaboni. Mtengo wazinthu zokhudzana ndi chitsulo cham'dzikoli chimawonjezeredwa ndi 70% mpaka 100% poyerekeza ndi chitsulo choyambirira cha kaboni, ndipo mtengo womwe umakhudza pa -40 ℃ umatha kuwonjezeka. Chuma chachikulu cha cartridge chopangidwa ndi chitsulo ichi chatsimikiziridwa kudzera pamayeso owombera mu malo owombera kuti mukwaniritse zofunikira zonse. Pakadali pano, China yamaliza ndikupanga, kudziwitsa wina wokhathamira kwa China kuti musinthe mkuwa ndi chitsulo mu cartridge.
1.1.3 Zachikhalidwe Zapamwamba Zapamwamba za Manganese ndi Mired
Dziko lapansiZitsulo zazitali za manganese zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mitengo ya tanks, pomwedziko lapansiPenyani chitsulo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapiko a mchira, opukusira mabatani, ndi zida zamagetsi zopangira zipolopolo zazitali zobowola zipolopolo. Izi zimatha kuchepetsa kukonza, kusintha zinthu zitsulo zachitsulo, ndikukwaniritsa mwanzeru komanso mwaluso.
1.2 Kugwiritsira ntchito kwa anthu wamba padziko lapansi pano
M'mbuyomu, ku China kwa China Chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zochepa, kufinya pang'ono, kuphatikiza kotsika komanso kosatha pambuyo kuphulika pambuyo pophulika, komanso mphamvu zofooka, chitukuko cham'mbuyo cha chipinda cha forkele adaletsedwa. Kuyambira 1963, tchalitchi cha matope opangidwa ndi matope apangidwa chitsulo chapadziko lapansi, chomwe chachulukitsa makina awo pofika nthawi 1-2, achuluke kuchuluka kwa zidutswa zogwira mtima, ndikuwonjezera m'mphepete mwa zidutswa, zolimbitsa mphamvu zopha. Chiwopsezo cha mtundu wina wa mtundu wina wa chipolopolo cha mindaguon chipolopolo cham'munda m'dziko lathuli ali ndi kachilombo ka HIGEGEMIS komanso kuphedwa radius kuposa chipolopolo chachitsulo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kosadziwikaosowa kwambiris monga magnesium ndi aluminiyamu m'makono ankhondo amakono
Dziko lapansiKhalani ndi ntchito yayikulu yamankhwala ndi radio yayikulu ya atomiki. Mukawonjezeredwa pazitsulo zosasangalatsa komanso zowonekera zawo, zimatha kuyeza kukula kwa tirigu, kupewa tsankho, chotsani mafuta, ndikuwongolera zolinga zathu monga zolimbitsa thupi, ndikupanga magwiridwe antchito. Ogwira ntchito zapakhomo komanso zakunja agwiritsa ntchito katundu wadziko lapansikupanga zatsopanodziko lapansiMagnesium ma Closys, aluminiyam overlos, ontanium mavalo, komanso kutentha kwambiri. Zinthu izi zagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu asitikali amakono monga ma jets omenyera nkhondo, ndege zotsutsana, ma hefikopita, magalimoto osadziwika, ndi ma satellites am'manja.
2.1Dziko lapansimagnesium aloy
Dziko lapansiMagnesium matontho ali ndi mphamvu zapamwamba kwambiri, amatha kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa ndege, kukonza magwiridwe antchito, komanso kukhala ndi chiyembekezo chothandiza ntchito. Adziko lapansiMagnesium mavalosi omwe adapangidwa ndi China Viation Cormiry Cormication (Prenafter yotchulidwa ngati avium) kuphatikiza magnesium oponya magnesium magnesium magnesium, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga. Mwachitsanzo, zm 6 yoponya magnesium inoy pansi ndi owopsa padziko lapansi monga chowonjezera chachikulu chatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza, nthiti zamiyala yamphamvu, ndi rotor promirators 30 kw. Dziko Lonse Lalikulu-Mphamvu Magnineum Alm25 Yopangidwa ndi China Aviewation Aviediotion ndi ma korona amphamvu asinthiratu aluminiyamu aluminiyamu ndipo wagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ndege.
2.2Dziko lapansiTitanium
Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1970, ku Beijingzitsulo zapadziko lapansi ceum (Ce) Mu Ti-A1-mo Titanium matowys, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa ma sterlitt ndikusintha kutentha kwa Aloy ndi kukhazikika kwa kutentha. Pa maziko awa, magwiridwe apamwamba amaponyera kwambiri titanium arooy zt3 yokhala ndi cerium idapangidwa. Poyerekeza ndi mabwana apadziko lonse lapansi, ili ndi maubwino ena pokana kutentha, mphamvu, ndi magwiridwe antchito. Compresser yomwe imapangidwa ndi iyo imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati injini ya w pi3 ii, kuchepetsa kulemera kwa ndege iliyonse ndi makilogalamu 39 ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yowonjezera ndi 1.5%. Kuphatikiza apo, njira zosinthira zimachepetsedwa pafupifupi 30%, kukwaniritsa luso laukadaulo komanso zachuma, ndikuthana ndi kusiyana kwachuma, kukwaniritsa zojambula zojambula za Titaniya kuti apatsidwe 500 ℃. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti pali tating'onoCerium Oxidetinthu tating'onoting'ono tinthu tating'onoting'ono to zt3ceum.Ceumkuphatikiza gawo la oxygen mu alloy kuti apange malo oyenera komanso ouma kwambiriosowa kwambiri oxideZinthu, CE2O3. Tinthu tomwe timalepheretsa kusuntha kwa dislocation mu emeloy magwiridwe antchito ambiri a alloy.CeumGawani zonyansa za gasi (makamaka pamalire), zomwe zingalimbikitse alloy mukakhalabe ndi mphamvu yamatenthedwe. Uku ndikuyesa koyamba kugwiritsa ntchito chiphunzitso chovuta cholimbitsa cholimbikitsidwa potaya titanium matontho. Kuphatikiza apo, patatha zaka zambiri, mphamvu za Vialiation zidakhazikitsidwa zakhala zokhazikika komanso zotsika mtengoYTTRIAM OXIDMchenga ndi ufa wa ufa mu titanium aloyoyo yankho moyenera, pogwiritsa ntchito umisala wapadera wa mankhwalawo. Ikukwaniritsa milingo yabwino mosiyanasiyana, kuuma, ndi kukhazikika kwa titanium yamadzi. Potengera kusintha ndikuwongolera momwe chipolopolo chimakhalira, chikuwonetsa kukongola kwakukulu. Ubwino wapadera wogwiritsa ntchito yttrium oxide chipolopolo kuti apange zolaula za Titanium ndikuti, mikhalidwe yamitengoyo imafanana ndi kuchuluka kwake, ndizotheka kupanga zotupa za Titanium zomwe zili zocheperako. Pakadali pano, njirayi yagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakupanga ndege zosiyanasiyana, injini, ndi kuponyera anthu wamba.
2.3Dziko lapansialuminium aluya
Alzl206 yopanda kutentha aluya yokhala ndi zolengedwa zapadziko lapansi zomwe zimapangidwa ndi avic zimakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri komanso kutentha kwa ma rodical tolow, ndipo yafika pamlingo wapamwamba kwambiri kunja. Tsopano imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati valavu yolimbana ndi ma helikopitatu ndi ma jets omenyera nkhondo ndi kutentha kwa 300 ℃, kusinthira chitsulo ndi titanium matodi. Kuchepetsa mphamvu ndipo wakhazikitsidwa. Mphamvu yadziko lapansiAluminiyamu Situcon hyperretectic zl117 iloor pa 200300 ℃ ndiwokwera kuposa pomwe wa ku West Germany piston. Kuwonongeka kwake kukanakwana nthawi 4-5 kupitirira nthawi zambiri zogwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito polon zl108, ndi zokongoletsera zazing'ono zokulira komanso kukhazikika kwabwino. Yagwiritsidwa ntchito muzovala za ndege za yy-5, ky-7-Air Cression ndi mapistoni azithunzi. Kuphatikiza kwadziko lapansiZinthu za aluminiyam zimathandizira kwambiri ma microstratuction komanso makina. Limagwirirana la machitidwe a zinthu zachilengedwe kwambiri padziko lapansi mu aluminiyam overlos ndikupanga kufalikira kwa ma aluminiyamu, ndipo ma aluminium a aluminiyamu amatenga gawo lalikulu polimbikitsa gawo lachiwiri; Kuphatikiza kwadziko lapansiZinthu zimachita gawo lomwe limayambitsa kugwedeza komanso kuyeretsa, poyerekeza kuchuluka kwa pores ndi kukonza magwiridwe ake;Dziko lapansiMafuta a aluminiyamu, monga herdogeneous cruclial chleli kuti muyeretse mipweya ndi eotectic magawo, nawonso ndi mtundu wa modzika; Zinthu za m'dziko lapansi zimalimbikitsa mapangidwe ndi kukonza chitsulo champhamvu, akuchepetsa zoyipa zawo. α- Njira yolimba yothetsera chitsulo mu A1 imachepetsa ndi kuwonjezeka kwadziko lapansikuwonjezera, komwe kumakhala kopindulitsa pakusintha mphamvu ndi chipilala.
Kugwiritsa ntchitodziko lapansiZipangizo Zophatikiza M'matumbo Wamakono Alowa
Woyeranyama zapadziko lapansi, chifukwa cha mankhwala awo a mankhwala, amakonda kuchita ndi okosijeni, sulufule, ndi nayitrogeni kuti apange mankhwala okhazikika. Mukakumana ndi mikangano yayikulu komanso yovuta, zotsekemera zimatha kuyatsa zinthu zoyaka. Chifukwa chake, kumayambiriro kwa 1908, kunapangidwa kukhala Flint. Zapezeka kuti mwa 17dziko lapansizinthu, zinthu zisanu ndi chimodzi kuphatikizaceum, Lanthanum, Newdyoum, Praseymium, mhamarium, ndipoYNTriumkhalani ndi magwiridwe antchito abwino. Anthu atembenuza katundu wa arson wa rndi zitsulo zapadziko lapansiM'mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zida zapamwamba, monga US Marko 82 227 kg derile, yomwe imagwiritsa ntchitozitsulo zapadziko lapansiKuyika, komwe sikungobweretsa kuphana kwakukulitsa komanso kuwononga. Mphepo ya ku American ya American "yolunga ya munthu" rocket ya rocket ili ndi zida zachilengedwe za 108 zowoneka bwino zachilengedwe monga zozungulira, kusintha zidutswa zina zam'madzi. Mayeso othamanga awonetsa kuti kuthekera kwake kuyika mafuta oyendetsa ndege ndi 44% kuposa omwe sanalembetsedwe.
3.2 wosakanizidwazitsulo zapadziko lapansis
Chifukwa cha mtengo wapamwamba wangwironyama zapadziko lapansi,Mayiko osiyanasiyana amagwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyanazitsulo zapadziko lapansis mu zida zoyaka. Wophatikizitsazitsulo zapadziko lapansiMtumiki wa confuston amadzaza chipolopolo chachitsulo pansi pa kupanikizika kwambiri, ndi kachulukidwe kaya ka (1.9 ~ 2) Pambuyo poyamwa, kutalika kwa thupi la incandescent kumakhala kotalikirana kuposa mphindi 5. Pa nkhondo ya ku Vietnam, asitikali aku US adakhazikitsa grenade grenade pogwiritsa ntchito choponyera, ndipo zingwe zoyatsira mkati mwake zidapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosakanizika chadziko lapansi. Pulojekiti ikaphulika, chidutswa chilichonse chowoneka bwino chimatha kuyatsa chandamale. Panthawiyo, kupanga bomba pamwezi kunafika pa 200000 kuzungulira kuzungulira kwa 200000 kuzungulira kuzungulira kwa 260000.
3.3Dziko lapansikuphatikiza
Adziko lapansiKuphatikiza Anoy Kulemera 100 g kumatha kupanga ma spark a 200 mpaka 3 malo akuluakulu, omwe ndi ofanana ndi zopha zida za zida zankhondo ndi zida zoboola zipolopolo. Chifukwa chake, kukula kwa zida zophatikizika ndi mphamvu zoyaka kwakhala gawo limodzi lalikulu la chitukuko kunyumba ndi kunja. Pakuboola zipolopolo ndi zida zankhondo zoboola, mwanzeru zomwe amachita mwanzeru zimafunikira kuti zikhale zida za adani, amathanso kuyatsa mafuta ndi zida zawo kuti awononge thankiyo. Kwa ma gorenade, amafunikira kuti alowetse malo ankhondo ndi malo abwino omwe ali mkati mwa anthu omwe amapha. Amanenedwa kuti bomba lokhazikika la pulasitiki ku United States lomwe limapangidwa ku United States lili ndi thupi lolimbikitsidwa nalon ndipo nthaka yosakanikirana ya alloy yovuta yotsutsana ndi mafuta omwe ali ndi mafuta omwe ali ndi zida zofananira ndi zida zofananira.
Kugwiritsa ntchito 4Dziko lapansiZipangizo zoteteza gulu lankhondo ndi ukadaulo wa nyukiliya
4.1 Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo woteteza wankhondo
Zinthu zam'madzi za dziko lapansi zimakhala ndi ma radiation osagwira ntchito. Center Center ya zigawo za Neutron Cross ku United States zidagwiritsa ntchito zida za polymer ngati gawo lalikulu ndikupanga mitundu iwiri ya 10 mm ndi reaction chitetezo cha radiation. Zotsatira zikuwonetsa kuti thermal neutron imatetezadziko lapansiZovala za polymer ndizabwino kuposa zadziko lapansizida zaulere za polymer. Zida zapadziko lapansi ndi zinthu zowonjezera mongamhamarium, Europium, gadolinium, Dysprium, etc. ali ndi gawo lapamwamba kwambiri la neutron ndikuthandizira kuyala ma neutrons. Pakadali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito kwakukulu kwa zinthu zamphongo zapadziko lapansi za radiation muukadaulo wankhondo ndi izi.
4.1.1 ma raller a nyukiliya a nyukiliya
United States imagwiritsa ntchito 1% Boron ndi 5% zachilengedwe padziko lapansigadolinium, mhamarium, ndipoLanthanumKupanga ma radiation a 600m ogonjetsedwa ndi chipilala chotchinga neutron magwero a poose pool. France yapanga chitetezo chodzitchinjiriza padziko lapansi powonjezera Borides,dziko lapansimankhwala, kapenaosowa dziko lapansiGraphite ngati gawo lapansi. Zosefera za zinthu zoyipazi zimayenera kugawidwa ndikugawidwa ziwalo zomwe zimapangidwa, zomwe zimayikidwa mozungulira makina a riyakitala molingana ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za zigawo zotetezeka.
4.1.22 TUK ma radiation yoteteza
Imakhala ndi magawo anayi a veneer, okhala ndi makulidwe a 5-20 cm. Choyambira choyambirira chimapangidwa ndi pulasitiki zolimbikitsidwa kwambiridziko lapansiMafuta ngati mafayilo oti atseketse ma netrons ndikumwa ma neutrons pang'onopang'ono; Zigawo zachiwiri ndi zachitatu zowonjezera boron graphite, polystyrene, ndi zosowa zapadziko lapansi zowerengera 10% za zosewerera kwazomwe zakhala zikulepheretse ma netroons apakatikati. Gawo lachinayi limagwiritsa ntchito graphite m'malo mwa ulusi wagalasi, ndikuwonjezera 25%dziko lapansimankhwala otenga ma neutrons.
4.1.3 Ena
Kufunsiradziko lapansiZombo za anti radiation mpaka akasinja, zombo, malo okhala, ndi zida zina zankhondo zitha kukhala ndi mphamvu ya radiation.
4.2 Kugwiritsa ntchito muukadaulo wa nyukiliya
Dziko lapansiYTTRIAM OXIDitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yophatikizira mafuta a uranium mu madzi otentha owotchera (Bwrs). Mwa zinthu zonse,gadoliniumIli ndi kuthekera kolimba kwambiri kuyamwa neetrons, ndi minda pafupifupi 4600 pa atomu. Chilichonse zachilengedwegadoliniumAtomu imatenga ma netrons 4 asanakhale olephera. Mukasakanikirana ndi Uranium,gadoliniumKutha kulimbikitsa kuyamwa, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Uranium, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu zotulutsa.Gadolinium oxideSizimatulutsa zaluso zovulaza ngati boron carbide, ndipo zimatha kukhala yogwirizana ndi mafuta onse a uranium ndi mawonekedwe ake okutira pa nyukiliya. Mwayi wogwiritsa ntchitogadoliniumm'malo mwa boron ndigadoliniumikhoza kusakanizidwa mwachindunji ndi Uranium kuti mupewe kukula kwa nyukiliya. Malinga ndi Ziwerengerogadolinium oxide. Dziko lapansimhamarium, Europium, ndipoDyspriumzakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zowona za neutron ku obereketsa a Neatron.Dziko lapansi YNTriumAli ndi gawo laling'ono lokola mu neetrons ndipo itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zinthu zopakatu zolimbitsa mchere. Zojambula zopyapyaladziko lapansi gadoliniumndiDyspriumitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kafukufuku wa neutron mu Arospace ndi magetsi a nyukiliya, ocheperakodziko lapansimapeliumndiErbiumitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zosindikizira chubu chosindikizidwa neutron, ndipoosowa kwambiri oxideMa europium iron chramics amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma riyakitala oyendetsa bwino.Dziko lapansigadoliniumItha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati zowonjezera zokutira kuti mupewe radiation neutron, ndi magalimoto okhala ndi zida zophatikizika ndi zokutira zapadera zomwe zili ndigadolinium oxideitha kuletsa kuwongolera neutron.Dziko lapansi yterbiumimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zida zoyeza mu gestast yoyambitsidwa ndi kuphulika kwa nyukiliya. LitiosowahyterbiumAmakakamizidwa, kukana kumawonjezeka, ndipo kusintha komwe kumachitika kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwerengera komwe kumapanikizika. Kulumikizadziko lapansi gadoliniumMadotolo osungidwa ndi mavapa am'mapapo komanso oyenda bwino ndi chinthu chowoneka bwino chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeza kupsinjika kwakukulu kwa nyukiliya.
5, kugwiritsa ntchitoDziko lapansiZipangizo Zamagalasi Yokhazikika M'maphunziro A Asirikali Amakono
Adziko lapansiZochitika zamatsenga, zomangika monga m'badwo watsopano wa mafumu amtundu wamagetsi, akupezeka pano kuti ndiwokwanira kwambiri maginito okhazikika. Ili ndi maginito oposa 100 kuposa maginito oposa maginito omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zankhondo m'ma 1970s. Pakadali pano, yakhala nkhani yofunika kwambiri mu kulumikizana kwamagetsi kwamagetsi, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyenda machubu ndi ozungulira mu ma satellite apansi pansi pano, ma ratars, ndi minda ina. Chifukwa chake, ili ndi tanthauzo lankhondo.
MhamariumCobalt Magnets ndi Newdymium iron Maginito a Boron amagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'ana malo electorn mu magile. Maginitsi ake ndi zida zazikulu zoyang'ana matanda elekitoni ndikufalitsa deta kuwongolera pamwamba pa zida. Pali mapaundi asanu ndi awiri (2.27-4.54 makilogalamu) a maginito mu chitsogozo cha chitsogozo cha zida. Kuphatikiza apo,dziko lapansiMaginitsi amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuyendetsa mabwalo yamagetsi ndikuzungulira zopinga za zigwa zotsogola. Ubwino wawo unagona mphamvu zawo zolimba komanso kulemera kwambiri poyerekeza ndi aluminium cobalt maginito.
6.Dziko lapansiZida za laser muukadaulo wamakono wankhondo
Laser ndi mtundu watsopano wa gwero lopepuka lomwe limakhala ndi vuto labwino, malangizo, komanso kuphatikiza, ndipo amatha kukhala kuwala kwambiri. Laser ndipodziko lapansizida za laser zidabadwa nthawi yomweyo. Pakadali pano, pafupifupi 90% ya mitengo ya laser imaphatikizapodziko lapansi. Mwachitsanzo,YNTriumAluminium Garport Crystal amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri la laser yomwe imatha kukwaniritsa mosalekeza-mphamvu yopitilira muyeso kutentha. Kugwiritsa ntchito malawi olimba a boma kunkhondo kumaphatikizapo mbali zotsatirazi.
6.1 laser kuyambira
ANewdyoumatayaYNTriumAluminium Garnet laser Kingfinder adapangidwa ndi mayiko monga United States, Britain, France, ndi Germany amatha kuyeza mita mpaka 20000 metres osalondola mamita 5. Zida za ku America monga momwe American Mi, leclerc ya France, a Japan 90, mtundu wa Mecca, ndipo wotsutsa waposachedwa wa ku Britain onse amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa laser. Pakadali pano, maiko ena akupanga mbadwo watsopano wa malo opumira a chitetezero cha anthu, omwe ali ndi mitundu ya anthu ogwira ntchito 1.5-2.1 μ m.HolmiumatayaYNTriumLithium fluoridide lasers ku United States ndi United Kingdom, ndi mtundu wa 2.06 μ m, kuyambira 3000 m. United States yagwirizana ndi makampani apadziko lonse lapansi kuti ikhale ndi erbium-yopendekeraYNTriumLithiamu fluoride laser yokhala ndi mtundu wa laserfinder ya 1.73 μ m ya laser komanso okhala ndi asitikali. Iserlenglenglengleng lankhondo la China la Asisiri ndi 1.06 μ m, kuyambira 200 mpaka 7000 m. China imapeza deta yofunika kuchokera ku laser televiziolic porgolites munthawi ya ma roketi zazitali zazitali, zopondaponda, komanso satellites yoyeserera.
6.2 Malangizo
Laser adatsogolera mabomba amagwiritsa ntchito ma lasers kuti atsogolere. ND · Yag laser, yomwe imatulutsa masamba ambiri pa sekondi iliyonse, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti isapangitse laser. Mapulogalamuwo amakhala okhazikika ndipo kuwalako kumatha kuwongolera njira yachitetezo, popewa kusokoneza kulowerera kwa madigile ndi zopinga zokhazikitsidwa ndi mdani. Boma la US Asitikali a US GLA-15 GAWO LA DZINA LAMBIRI, lomwe limadziwikanso kuti "bomba loipa". Mofananamo, imatha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga laseri.
6.3 Kuyankhulana
Kuphatikiza pa · Yag, kutulutsa kwa laser ku lithiamuNewdyoumPhosphate krisstal (LNP) imasindikizidwa komanso yosavuta kusinthira, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale imodzi mwamagawo olonjeza kwambiri. Ndioyenera monga gwero la kulumikizana kwa fiberi ndipo likuyembekezeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito polumikizana ndi kuwongolera kwadziko. Kuphatikiza apo,YNTriumAdfaner Addnet (Y3feryo12) Srikams imodzi imatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zamagetsi zophatikizira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zowonjezera, komanso kukhala ndi mapulogalamu apadera, kuyenda, komanso kusinthanitsa, ndi kusintha kwa magazi.
7.Kugwiritsa ntchitoDziko lapansiZipangizo zapamwamba muukadaulo wamakono wankhondo
Ngati zinthu zina zotsutsana ndi zero pansi pa kutentha kwina, zimadziwika kuti SuperCotCoction, yomwe ndi kutentha kovuta (TC). Supercondectors ndi mtundu wa zinthu za antimagnetic zomwe zimabweza kuyesa kulikonse kuti mugwiritse ntchito maginitsi pansi pa kutentha kovuta, komwe kumadziwika kuti meisner. Kuonjezera zinthu zachilengedwe padziko lapansi ku supercotocting zida zitha kuwonjezera kutentha kovuta TC. Izi zimalimbikitsa kwambiri chitukuko ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapamwamba. M'ma 1980, mayiko otukuka monga United States ndi Japan adawonjezera kuchuluka kwaosowa kwambiri oxides mongaLanthanum, YNTrium,Europium, ndipoErbiumku barbium oxide ndiCopper OxideMafuta, omwe anali osakanikirana, opanikizika, ndikuchimwa kuti apangitse zinthu zapamwamba kwambiri, kupangitsa kuti gawo laukadaulo laposachedwa, makamaka pamapulogalamu ankhondo, ambiri.
7.1 Supercondoctiction Zophatikizira madera
M'zaka zaposachedwa, kafukufuku pakugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa superconducting mu makompyuta amagetsi achitika kunja, ndipo madera apamwamba aphatikizidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zapamwamba zadenga. Ngati mtundu wophatikizika umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makompyuta a Superconducting, sizikhala zazing'ono kukula, kuwala kolemera, komanso kukhala ndi makompyuta okwanira 1000 mpaka 1,5 trillion ka secial. Chifukwa chake, asitikali aku US akuneneratu kuti makompyuta apadera akangoyambitsidwa, adzakhala "kachulukidwe" kwa dongosolo la CYS.
7.2 Supercondoctic Magalimoto azamagetsi
Mankhwala okhudzana ndi magnetic opangidwa ndi zinthu zapamwamba zam'madzi zimakhala ndi voliyumu yaying'ono, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kuphatikizidwa ndi kuphatikizika. Amatha kupanga njira zingapo ndi njira zambiri, zimakulitsa kuchuluka kwa chidziwitso cha unit ndikuwongolera mtunda wamatsenga komanso kulondola kwa chojambula cha maginito. Kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi apamwamba sikungangozindikira zomwe akufuna kusunthira monga akasinki, magalimoto, ndi ma sitima apamadzi, komanso amayeza kukula kwawo komanso kugwiritsa ntchito maluso monga anti amatsenga ankhondo.
Amanenedwa kuti US Navy yaganiza zokhala ndi satellite yakuthwa pogwiritsa ntchito izidziko lapansiZinthu zapamwamba zosonyeza kuti zikuwonetsa bwino zaukadaulo wambiri. Satellite iyi yotchedwa Naval Informate Chithunzi cha Londevatory linayambitsidwa mu 2000.
8.Apple yaDziko lapansiZojambula zazikulu zamatsenga muukadaulo wamakono wamakono
Dziko lapansiZipangizo zazikulu zamatsenga ndi mtundu watsopano wa zinthu zomwe zachitika kumapeto kwa 1980s kunja. Makamaka ponena za zinthu zazing'ono zachilengedwe. Mtundu wamtunduwu uli ndi phindu lalikulu la maginito kuposa chitsulo, nickel, ndi zinthu zina, ndipo zokongoletsera zake zimakhala zapamwamba kuposa zida zazikulu kapena zazikulu kapena zazikulu za maginasti. Mwa zina zonse zamalonda, zinthu zazikulu zachilengedwe zapadziko lapansi zimakhala ndi phindu lalikulu kwambiri komanso mphamvu yochita zolimbitsa thupi. Makamaka ndi kukula kopambana kwa terfenol-D magnostrictrictictictictictive aloy, gawo latsopano la zinthu zamagalasi zatsegulidwa. Pamene terfenol-d imayikidwa mu minda yamagetsi, kusiyanasiyana kwake kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa kwa maginito wamba, omwe amapangitsa kuti mayendedwe achinsinsi azichita bwino. Pakadali pano, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'minda yamafuta, kuchokera ku Mafuta a Mafuta, Ma Valve amadzimadzi amadzimadzi, micro kuyika ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi kwa ma telescopes ndi mapiko a ndege. Kukula kwa ukadaulo wa Terfenol-D. D. d. Ndipo yathandiza kwambiri pakukula kwaukadaulo wodula, ukadaulo wankhondo, komanso zamakono za mafakitale amakono. Kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagalasi yapadziko lapansi panokha m'magulu amakono makamaka kumaphatikizapo mfundo zotsatirazi:
8.1 sonar
Nthawi zambiri zophatikizira za soser ndi pamwamba pa 2 KHz, koma zotsika kwambiri za Sourten Propfine uyu ali ndi zabwino zake, zocheperako zowoneka bwino, ndipo sizikuyenda bwino kwambiri. Solirs zopangidwa ndi zinthu za Terfanol-D zitha kukwaniritsa zofunikira za mphamvu zambiri, voliyumu yaying'ono, komanso pafupipafupi, motero atukuka mwachangu.
8.2 ma transmicection magetsi
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazida zowonongeka - ochita sewero. Kuphatikiza mgwirizano
Zamoyo za 8.3 ndi zida zamagetsi
Monga ngati thumba lamatanthwe, masensa pakuwona kusamukira, kukakamiza, ndi kuthamanga, komanso zida zowoneka bwino. Omaliza amagwiritsidwa ntchito potengera gawo la magawo mu migodi, sonar, ndi zosungira pamakompyuta.
9. Zipangizo Zina
Zinthu zina mongadziko lapansiZipangizo za Luman,dziko lapansiZovala za haidrogen, zowopsa zapadziko lapansi zazikulu zamagetsi,dziko lapansiZipangizo za Magnetic, ndipodziko lapansiZipangizo zosiyidwa ndi magneto onse zagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino munkhondo zamakono, kukonza kwambiri mphamvu yolimbana ndi zida zamakono. Mwachitsanzo,dziko lapansiZipangizo zowunika zagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ku zida zausiku. Ulendo wausiku wamagangwe, dziko loipa la Phoshors likusintha zithunzi (mphamvu zopepuka) kukhala ma elekitironi, omwe amalimbikitsidwa m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono mu khoma, ndikumasula ma elekitoni ambiri. Zithunzi zina zaphokoso kwambiri pamchira zimathetsa kusintha ma elekitoni kubwerera ku Photons, kotero fanolo limatha kuwoneka ndi eyesiece. Izi ndizofanana ndi zojambula za pa TV, komwedziko lapansiUfa wa fluorescent amatulutsa chithunzi china chojambulira. Makampani aku America nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito Niobium Pentoxide, koma kwa mawonedwe am'mbuyomu kuti achite bwino, chinthu chowopsa chapadziko lapansiLanthanumndi gawo lofunikira. Nkhondo ya Gulf, mphamvu zamitundu mitundu zogwiritsidwa ntchito usiku uwu wopita kukaona zigawenga za gulu lankhondo la Iraq ndi nthawi, posinthana ndi kupambana pang'ono.
10 .conction
Kukula kwadziko lapansiMakampaniwo analimbikitsa bwino kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo wamakono wa asitikali amakono, ndipo kusintha kwa ukadaulo wankhondo kwathanso kukula kwadziko lapansiMakampani. Ndikhulupirira kuti popita patsogolo mwachangu za sayansi yadziko lapansi komanso ukadaulo,dziko lapansiZogulitsa zidzatenga gawo lalikulu pakukula kwa ukadaulo wamakono wankhondo ndi ntchito zawo zapadera, ndikubweretsa zabwino zachuma komanso zapamwamba kwadziko lapansiMakampani omwe.
Post Nthawi: Nov-29-2023